Mills Richael O, Abdullah Mohammed R, Akwetey Samuel A, Sappor Dorcas C, Cole Isaac, Baffuor-Asare Michael, Bolivar Johan A, Gámez Gustavo, van der Linden Mark P G, Hammerschmidt Sven
Department of Molecular Genetics and Infection Biology, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, Center for Functional Genomics of Microbes, University of Greifswald, 17487 Greifswald, Germany.
Department of Biomedical sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.
Microorganisms. 2020 Dec 13;8(12):1987. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms8121987.
In 2012, Ghana introduced PCV13 into its childhood immunization program. To monitor the pneumococcus after PCV13 vaccination, we analyzed serotypes, antibiotic resistance, and virulence genes of pneumococcal carriage isolates among children under five years of age. We obtained nasopharyngeal swabs from 513 children from kindergartens and immunization centers in Cape Coast, Ghana. Pneumococcal serotypes were determined by multiplex-PCR and Quellung reaction. Antibiotic resistance and virulence genes prevalence were determined by disc diffusion and PCR respectively. Overall, carriage prevalence was 29.4% and PCV13 coverage was 38.4%. Over 60% of the isolates were non-PCV13 serotypes and serotype 23B was the most prevalent. One isolate showed full resistance to penicillin, while 35% showed intermediate resistance. Resistance to erythromycin and clindamycin remained low, while susceptibility to ceftriaxone, levofloxacin and vancomycin remained high. Penicillin resistance was associated with PCV13 serotypes. Forty-three (28.5%) strains were multidrug-resistant. Virulence genes , , , , and were detected in 100%, 87%, 62.9%, 11.9%, and 6.6% of the strains, respectively. The pilus islets were associated with PCV13 and multidrug-resistant serotypes. PCV13 vaccination had impacted on pneumococcal carriage with a significant increase in non-PCV13 serotypes and lower penicillin resistance. Including PcpA and PsrP in pneumococcal protein-based vaccines could be beneficial to Ghanaian children.
2012年，加纳将13价肺炎球菌结合疫苗（PCV13）纳入其儿童免疫规划。为监测PCV13疫苗接种后的肺炎球菌情况，我们分析了5岁以下儿童肺炎球菌携带分离株的血清型、抗生素耐药性及毒力基因。我们从加纳海岸角的幼儿园和免疫中心的513名儿童中获取了鼻咽拭子。通过多重聚合酶链反应（PCR）和荚膜肿胀反应确定肺炎球菌血清型。分别通过纸片扩散法和PCR确定抗生素耐药性及毒力基因的流行情况。总体而言，携带率为29.4%，PCV13覆盖率为38.4%。超过60%的分离株为非PCV13血清型，23B血清型最为常见。1株分离株对青霉素完全耐药，35%表现为中介耐药。对红霉素和克林霉素的耐药性仍然较低，而对头孢曲松、左氧氟沙星和万古霉素的敏感性仍然较高。青霉素耐药性与PCV13血清型有关。43株（28.5%）为多重耐药菌株。毒力基因 、 、 、 和 分别在100%、87%、62.9%、11.9%和6.6%的菌株中被检测到。菌毛岛与PCV13及多重耐药血清型有关。PCV13疫苗接种对肺炎球菌携带情况产生了影响，非PCV13血清型显著增加，青霉素耐药性降低。在基于肺炎球菌蛋白的疫苗中纳入PcpA和PsrP可能对加纳儿童有益。
