Universidade Federal de Pelotas. Faculdade de Enfermagem. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem. Pelotas, RS, Brasil.
Universidade Federal de Pelotas. Faculdade de Medicina. Departamento de Medicina Social. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia. Pelotas, RS, Brasil.
Rev Saude Publica. 2020 Dec 14;54:138. doi: 10.11606/s1518-8787.2020054002569. eCollection 2020.
To assess the prevalence of multimorbidity among Brazilian adults and its association with socioeconomic indicators.
Cross-sectional study that used data from the Pesquisa Nacional Sobre Acesso, Utilização e Promoção do Uso Racional de Medicamentos no Brasil (PNAUM - Brazilian National Survey on Access, Use and Promotion of Rational Use of Medicines), carried out between 2013 and 2014. The definition of multimorbidity was the coexistence, in a single individual, of two or more chronic diseases, measured through a list of 14 morbidities (self-reported medical diagnosis throughout life). Economic status and educational level were the socioeconomic indicators used, being the inequalities assessed through the Slope Index of Inequality (SII) and the Concentration Index, stratified by gender.
The study comprehended 23,329 adults (52.8% of which were women), with an average age of 37.9 years. Hypertension and high cholesterol levels were the most prevalent conditions. The prevalence of multimorbidity was of 10.9% (95%CI 10.1-11.7) representing nearly 11 million individuals in Brazil, of which 14.5% (95%CI 13.5-15.4) were women and 6.8% (95%CI 5.9-7.8) were men. The occurrence of multimorbidity was similar according to the socioeconomic indicators. In the inequality analysis, we observed absolute and relative differences in men with a higher purchasing power (SII = 3.7; 95%CI 0.3-7.0) and higher educational level (CIX = 7.1; 95%CI 0.9-14.7), respectively.
The frequency of comorbidities in Brazilian adults is high, especially in absolute terms. We only observed socioeconomic inequalities in multimorbidities among men.
评估巴西成年人的共病患病率及其与社会经济指标的关系。
这是一项使用 2013 年至 2014 年巴西全国获取、使用和促进合理用药调查（PNAUM）数据进行的横断面研究。共病的定义是在单个个体中同时存在两种或多种慢性疾病，通过 14 种疾病清单（终生自我报告的医疗诊断）来衡量。经济状况和教育水平是使用的社会经济指标，通过不平等斜率指数（SII）和集中指数评估不平等程度，并按性别分层。
该研究共纳入 23329 名成年人（其中 52.8%为女性），平均年龄为 37.9 岁。高血压和高胆固醇水平是最常见的疾病。共病的患病率为 10.9%（95%CI 10.1-11.7），代表巴西有近 1100 万人患有该病，其中 14.5%（95%CI 13.5-15.4）为女性，6.8%（95%CI 5.9-7.8）为男性。根据社会经济指标，共病的发生情况相似。在不平等分析中，我们观察到高购买力（SII=3.7；95%CI 0.3-7.0）和高教育水平（CIX=7.1；95%CI 0.9-14.7）的男性存在绝对和相对差异。
巴西成年人的共病频率很高，尤其是在绝对水平上。我们仅观察到男性共病的社会经济不平等。
