人体中噬菌体的存在：有益、有害还是中性？
The Presence of Bacteriophages in the Human Body: Good, Bad or Neutral?
作者信息
Łusiak-Szelachowska Marzanna, Weber-Dąbrowska Beata, Żaczek Maciej, Borysowski Jan, Górski Andrzej
机构信息
Bacteriophage Laboratory, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland.
Phage Therapy Unit, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland.
出版信息
Microorganisms. 2020 Dec 16;8(12):2012. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms8122012.
The presence of bacteriophages (phages) in the human body may impact bacterial microbiota and modulate immunity. The role of phages in human microbiome studies and diseases is poorly understood. However, the correlation between a greater abundance of phages in the gut in ulcerative colitis and diabetes has been suggested. Furthermore, most phages found at different sites in the human body are temperate, so their therapeutic effects and their potential beneficial effects remain unclear. Hence, far, no correlation has been observed between the presence of widespread crAssphage in the human population and human health and diseases. Here, we emphasize the beneficial effects of phage transfer in fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in infection. The safety of phage use in gastrointestinal disorders has been demonstrated in clinical studies. The significance of phages in the FMT as well as in gastrointestinal disorders remains to be established. An explanation of the multifaceted role of endogenous phages for the development of phage therapy is required.
人体中噬菌体的存在可能会影响细菌微生物群并调节免疫力。噬菌体在人类微生物组研究和疾病中的作用尚不清楚。然而，有人提出溃疡性结肠炎和糖尿病患者肠道中噬菌体丰度较高之间存在相关性。此外，在人体不同部位发现的大多数噬菌体是温和噬菌体，因此它们的治疗效果及其潜在的有益作用仍不清楚。迄今为止，尚未观察到人群中广泛存在的crAssphage与人类健康和疾病之间存在相关性。在此，我们强调噬菌体转移在粪便微生物群移植（FMT）治疗感染中的有益作用。临床研究已证明噬菌体用于胃肠道疾病的安全性。噬菌体在FMT以及胃肠道疾病中的意义仍有待确定。需要对内源性噬菌体在噬菌体治疗发展中的多方面作用作出解释。
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