Pediatric Unit, Istituti Ospedalieri Bergamaschi, Gruppo Ospedaliero San Donato, Bergamo, Italy.
Pediatric Department, Hospital Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy.
BMC Pediatr. 2020 Dec 18;20(1):561. doi: 10.1186/s12887-020-02471-5.
Down syndrome (DS) is characterized by a series of immune dysregulations, of which interferon hyperreactivity is important, as it is responsible for surging antiviral responses and the possible initiation of an amplified cytokine storm. This biological condition is attributed to immune regulators encoded in chromosome 21. Moreover, DS is also characterized by the coexistence of obesity and cardiovascular and respiratory anomalies, which are risk factors for coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
A total of 55 children were admitted to the pediatric ward in Bergamo, between February and May 2020 for COVID-19. Here, we describe the cases of two children with DS and a confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis who had a severe course. In addition, both cases involved one or more comorbidities, including cardiovascular anomalies, obesity, and/or obstructive sleep apnea.
Our observations indicate that children with DS are at risk for severe COVID-19 disease course.
唐氏综合征（DS）的特征是一系列免疫失调，其中干扰素反应过度是重要的，因为它负责引发抗病毒反应，并可能引发放大的细胞因子风暴。这种生物学状况归因于 21 号染色体编码的免疫调节剂。此外，DS 还表现为肥胖以及心血管和呼吸系统异常共存，这些是由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）引起的冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的危险因素。
2020 年 2 月至 5 月期间，共有 55 名儿童因 COVID-19 入住贝加莫儿科病房。在这里，我们描述了两名确诊 COVID-19 的 DS 患儿的病例，他们的病情严重。此外，这两例均涉及一种或多种合并症，包括心血管异常、肥胖和/或阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停。
我们的观察表明，DS 患儿患严重 COVID-19 疾病的风险较高。
