Oral Pathology Section, Department of Oral Diagnosis Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP) Av. Limeira 901, P.O. Box. 52, Piracicaba, São Paulo 1314-903, Brazil
Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2021 May 1;26(3):e379-e386. doi: 10.4317/medoral.24240.
Melanoma is an aggressive malignant tumor, rarely observed in the oral cavity. The aim of this study was to describe the clinicopathologic features of a series of oral melanomas.
A retrospective descriptive study was performed. A total of 15,482 biopsy records from two oral and maxillofacial pathology services in Brazil were analyzed. All cases of oral melanomas were reviewed, and clinical, demographic, histopathological data, treatment, and follow-up status were collected. In addition, immunohistochemistry stains (pan-cytokeratin AE1/AE3, vimentin, α-SMA, CD45, S-100 protein, HMB-45, Melan A, and Ki-67) were performed.
The series comprised of 5 males (71.4%) and 2 females (28.6%), with a mean age of 58.0 ± 9.2 years (range: 45-69 years) and a 2.5:1 male-to-female ratio. The gingiva (n = 3, 42.8%) and hard palate (n = 2, 28.6%) were the most common affected sites, presenting clinically as ulcerated swellings with a brown to black color. Cervical lymph node metastasis was detected in three patients during the first examination. Microscopically, 6 cases (85.7%) were melanotic, and one (14.3%) was amelanotic. Most cases (n = 4, 57.1%) presented a predominance of epithelioid cells. S-100 and HMB-45 were positive in all cases (n = 7, 100.0%). In contrast, only 4 cases (57.1%) were positive for Melan-A. The proliferative index with Ki-67 was high, with labeling index ranging from 70.0% to more than 90% of positive cells. Five patients died from complications of the tumors after a mean follow-up period of 7.8 months.
Melanoma is an aggressive malignant tumor that rarely occurs in the oral cavity. It occurs mainly in adult and elderly patients and often is diagnosed in advanced stages. The current findings were similar to previous studies and reflected the characteristics of the services from where lesions were retrieved.
黑色素瘤是一种侵袭性恶性肿瘤，在口腔中很少见。本研究旨在描述一系列口腔黑色素瘤的临床病理特征。
进行了回顾性描述性研究。对巴西两个口腔颌面病理学服务机构的 15482 份活检记录进行了分析。回顾了所有口腔黑色素瘤病例，并收集了临床、人口统计学、组织病理学数据、治疗和随访情况。此外，还进行了免疫组织化学染色（泛细胞角蛋白 AE1/AE3、波形蛋白、α-SMA、CD45、S-100 蛋白、HMB-45、Melan A 和 Ki-67）。
该系列包括 5 名男性（71.4%）和 2 名女性（28.6%），平均年龄为 58.0±9.2 岁（范围：45-69 岁），男女比例为 2.5:1。牙龈（n=3，42.8%）和硬腭（n=2，28.6%）是最常见的受累部位，临床表现为溃疡性肿胀，呈棕色至黑色。三名患者在首次检查时发现颈部淋巴结转移。显微镜下，6 例（85.7%）为黑色素瘤，1 例（14.3%）为无黑色素瘤。大多数病例（n=4，57.1%）以上皮样细胞为主。所有病例（n=7，100.0%）S-100 和 HMB-45 均为阳性。相比之下，只有 4 例（57.1%）Melan-A 阳性。Ki-67 增殖指数高，阳性细胞标记指数为 70.0%至 90%以上。5 例患者在平均随访 7.8 个月后因肿瘤并发症死亡。
黑色素瘤是一种侵袭性恶性肿瘤，在口腔中很少见。它主要发生在成年和老年患者中，通常在晚期诊断。目前的发现与以前的研究相似，反映了病变来源服务的特征。
