Clemente Filipe Manuel, Silva Rui, Ramirez-Campillo Rodrigo, Afonso José, Mendes Bruno, Chen Yung-Sheng
Escola Superior Desporto e Lazer, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial de Nun'Álvares, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal.
Instituto de Telecomunicações, Delegação da Covilhã, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal.
Biol Sport. 2020 Dec;37(4):389-403. doi: 10.5114/biolsport.2020.96852. Epub 2020 Jul 10.
The aim of this study was to provide reference data of variation in external training loads for weekly periods within the annual season. Specifically, we aimed to compare the weekly acute load, monotony, and training strain of accelerometry-based measures across a professional soccer season (pre-season, first and second halves of the season) according to players' positions. Nineteen professional players were monitored daily for 45 weeks using an 18-Hz global positioning system to obtain measures of high metabolic load distance (HMLD), impacts, and high intensity accelerations and decelerations. Workload indices of acute load, training monotony, and training strain were calculated weekly for each of the measures. The HMLD had greater training strain values in the pre-season than in the first (p ≤ 0.001; d = 0.793) and second halves of the season (p ≤ 0.001; d = 0.858). Comparisons between playing positions showed that midfielders had the highest weekly acute load of HMLD (6901 arbitrary units [AU]), while central defenders had the lowest (4986 AU). The pre-season period was associated with the highest acute and strain load of HMLD and number of impacts, with a progressive decrease seen during the season. In conclusion, coaches should consider paying greater attention to variations in HMLD and impacts between periods of the season and between players to individualize training accordingly.
本研究的目的是提供年度赛季内各周外部训练负荷变化的参考数据。具体而言，我们旨在根据球员位置，比较一个职业足球赛季（季前赛、赛季上半段和下半段）基于加速度计测量的每周急性负荷、单调性和训练压力。使用18赫兹全球定位系统对19名职业球员进行了为期45周的每日监测，以获取高代谢负荷距离（HMLD）、碰撞次数以及高强度加速和减速的数据。每周针对每项测量计算急性负荷、训练单调性和训练压力的工作量指数。HMLD的训练压力值在季前赛中高于赛季上半段（p≤0.001；d = 0.793）和下半段（p≤0.001；d = 0.858）。不同位置球员之间的比较表明，中场球员的HMLD每周急性负荷最高（6901任意单位[AU]），而中后卫最低（4986 AU）。季前赛期间HMLD的急性和压力负荷以及碰撞次数最高，赛季期间逐渐下降。总之，教练应考虑更加关注赛季各阶段之间以及球员之间HMLD和碰撞次数的差异，以便相应地进行个性化训练。
