Peterhans Sophie, Landolt Patricia, Friedel Ute, Oberhänsli Francisca, Dennler Matthias, Willi Barbara, Senn Mirjam, Hinden Sandro, Kull Karin, Kipar Anja, Stephan Roger, Ghielmetti Giovanni
Section of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Kleintierpraxis Dr. med.vet. F. Oberhänsli, Märstetten, Switzerland.
Front Vet Sci. 2020 Dec 3;7:590037. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2020.590037. eCollection 2020.
Public interest in animal tuberculosis is mainly focused on prevention and eradication of bovine tuberculosis in cattle and wildlife. In cattle, immunodiagnostic tests such as the tuberculin skin test or the interferon gamma (IFN-γ) assay have been established and are commercially available. Feline tuberculosis is rather unknown, and the available diagnostic tools are limited. However, infections with complex members need to be considered an aetiological differential diagnosis in cats with granulomatous lymphadenopathy or skin nodules and, due to the zoonotic potential, a time-efficient and accurate diagnostic approach is required. The present study describes 11 independent cases of infection in domestic cats in Switzerland. For three cases, clinical presentation, diagnostic imaging, bacteriological results, immunodiagnostic testing, and pathological features are reported. An adapted feline IFN-γ release assay was successfully applied in two cases and appears to be a promising tool for the ante mortem diagnosis of tuberculosis in cats. Direct contact with reservoir hosts was suspected to be the origin of infection in all three cases. However, there was no evidence of infection in 346 trapped wild mice from a presumptive endemic region. Therefore, the source and modalities of infection in cats in Switzerland remain to be further elucidated.
公众对动物结核病的关注主要集中在牛和野生动物中牛结核病的预防和根除上。在牛身上，已经建立了结核菌素皮肤试验或干扰素γ（IFN-γ）检测等免疫诊断测试，并且有商业产品可供使用。猫结核病相对不为人知，可用的诊断工具也有限。然而，在患有肉芽肿性淋巴结病或皮肤结节的猫中，需要将感染复杂病原体的情况考虑为病因鉴别诊断，并且由于存在人畜共患病的可能性，需要一种高效且准确的诊断方法。本研究描述了瑞士家猫感染的11个独立病例。报告了3例病例的临床表现、诊断成像、细菌学结果、免疫诊断测试和病理特征。一种改良的猫IFN-γ释放试验在2例病例中成功应用，似乎是猫结核病生前诊断的一种有前途的工具。在所有3例病例中，怀疑直接接触储存宿主是感染源。然而，在来自假定流行地区的346只捕获的野生小鼠中没有感染证据。因此，瑞士猫的感染源和感染方式仍有待进一步阐明。
