Laboratorio de Investigación en Parasitología. Hospital Infantil de México "Federico Gómez". CdMx. México.
Unidad de Enfermedades Emergentes. Hospital Infantil de México "Federico Gómez". CdMx. México.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2020 Dec 21;14(12):e0008880. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008880. eCollection 2020 Dec.
Dengue, Zika and Chikungunya are RNA Arboviruses present in some areas of Mexico, mainly in the endemic state of Chiapas that is characterized by presence of the vector that transmit them and an ecology that favors high transmission. According to the national epidemiological surveillance system, Dengue has intensified since 2018 and outbreaks continue in various states while for Zika and Chikungunya a decrease in cases has been reported in recent years. The main objective of this study was to determine the incidence of Dengue, Zika and Chikungunya infections during pregnancy in the state of Chiapas.
The presence of previous and current infections and coinfections diagnosed by molecular (RT-PCR) and immunological (ELISA for IgG determination) techniques indicates a wide circulation of viruses in asymptomatic people, specifically in pregnant women showing that silent infections in dry season contributes to the preservation of viruses.
From 136 studied samples, 27.7% tested positive for DENV, 8% for ZIKV and 24.1% for CHIKV by RTPCR and the values of IgG in sera show that 83.9% were positive for IgG antibodies against DENV, 65% against ZIKV and 59.1% against CHIKV. Results demonstrated presence of ZIKV and CHIKV, not detected by the epidemiological surveillance system, so the importance of establishing proactive epidemiological systems more strict, especially because these infections in pregnant women can cause severe health problems for newborn children.
登革热、寨卡病毒和基孔肯雅热是存在于墨西哥部分地区的 RNA 虫媒病毒，主要在地方性流行的恰帕斯州，其特点是存在传播媒介和有利于高传播的生态环境。根据国家流行病学监测系统，自 2018 年以来登革热病例有所增加，并且在不同州仍有暴发疫情，而近年来寨卡病毒和基孔肯雅热的病例数量有所下降。本研究的主要目的是确定恰帕斯州孕妇感染登革热、寨卡病毒和基孔肯雅热的发病率。
通过分子（RT-PCR）和免疫（IgG 测定的 ELISA）技术诊断出的既往和现症感染及合并感染的存在表明，病毒在无症状人群中广泛传播，特别是在孕妇中，表明在旱季的隐性感染有助于病毒的保存。
在 136 个研究样本中，27.7%的样本通过 RT-PCR 检测出 DENV 阳性，8%的样本 ZIKV 阳性，24.1%的样本 CHIKV 阳性，血清 IgG 值显示 83.9%的样本对 DENV 抗体 IgG 呈阳性，65%的样本对 ZIKV 呈阳性，59.1%的样本对 CHIKV 呈阳性。结果表明存在未被流行病学监测系统检测到的 ZIKV 和 CHIKV，因此建立更严格的主动流行病学系统至关重要，特别是因为这些孕妇感染可能会导致新生儿严重的健康问题。
