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利用化学领域的进展,设计使用壳聚糖和其他生物材料的可生物降解聚合物植入物。

Leveraging advances in chemistry to design biodegradable polymeric implants using chitosan and other biomaterials.

机构信息

Department of Chemistry, Netaji Subhas University of Technology, Dwarka Sec-2, Delhi, India.

Department of Chemistry, Netaji Subhas University of Technology, Dwarka Sec-2, Delhi, India.

出版信息

Int J Biol Macromol. 2021 Feb 1;169:414-427. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.112. Epub 2020 Dec 19.

Abstract

The metamorphosis of biodegradable polymers in biomedical applications is an auspicious myriad of indagation. The utmost challenge in clinical conditions includes trauma, organs failure, soft and hard tissues, infection, cancer and inflammation, congenital disorders which are still not medicated efficiently. To overcome this bone of contention, proliferation in the concatenation of biodegradable materials for clinical applications has emerged as a silver bullet owing to eco-friendly, nontoxicity, exorbitant mechanical properties, cost efficiency, and degradability. Several bioimplants are designed and fabricated in a way to reabsorb or degrade inside the body after performing the specific function rather than eliminating the bioimplants. The objective of this comprehensive is to unfurl the anecdote of emerging biological polymers derived implants including silk, lignin, soy, collagen, gelatin, chitosan, alginate, starch, etc. by explicating the selection, fabrication, properties, and applications. Into the bargain, emphasis on the significant characteristics of current discernment and purview of nanotechnology integrated biopolymeric implants has also been expounded. This robust contrivance shed light on recent inclinations and evolution in tissue regeneration and targeting organs followed by precedency and fly in the ointment concerning biodegradable implants evolved by employing fringe benefits provided by 3D printing technology for building tissues or organs construct for implantation.

摘要

生物可降解聚合物在生物医学应用中的转变是一个值得深入研究的众多领域。在临床条件下,最大的挑战包括创伤、器官衰竭、软组织和硬组织、感染、癌症和炎症、先天性疾病等,这些仍然没有得到有效治疗。为了克服这一难题,用于临床应用的可生物降解材料的组合在不断增加,因为它们具有环保、无毒、卓越的机械性能、成本效益和可降解性。许多生物植入物被设计和制造为在执行特定功能后在体内重新吸收或降解,而不是消除生物植入物。本综述的目的是阐述新兴生物聚合物衍生植入物的故事,包括丝、木质素、大豆、胶原、明胶、壳聚糖、藻酸盐、淀粉等,通过解释选择、制造、性能和应用。此外,还强调了纳米技术集成生物聚合物植入物的当前认识和范围的重要特征。这项强大的技术阐明了组织再生和靶向器官的最新趋势和演变,以及利用 3D 打印技术为植入构建组织或器官提供的优势,为生物可降解植入物的发展带来的优势和挑战。

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