Department of Life Science, Faculty of New Science and Technology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Cellular and Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
J Cell Physiol. 2021 Jul;236(7):5306-5316. doi: 10.1002/jcp.30239. Epub 2020 Dec 30.
Herbal-derived three-dimensional scaffolds have a unique structure that represents the natural cellular microenvironment and can be potentially used for tissue engineering applications. In the present study, cabbage (Cb) leaves were decellularized and then their characteristics, such as surface roughness, wettability, porosity, mechanical properties, and specific surface area, were investigated. After that, scaffold osteoinductivity was studied by bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) osteogenic differentiation while growing on the decellularized Cb leaves. Cells mineralization, calcium secretion, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and expression levels of bone-related genes were determined during the differentiation process. Our results from the structural characterization of the scaffolds demonstrated that decellularized Cb leaves are good candidates for bone differentiation in terms of surface roughness, mechanical properties, and interconnected pores. Osteogenic differentiation evaluation of the BM-MSCs determined that the cell's ALP activity and mineralization were increased significantly while cultured on the decellularized Cb leaves compared to the cells cultured on the culture plate as a control. Besides, Runx2, ALP, collagen-1 (Col-I), and osteocalcin genes were expressed in cells cultured on decellularized Cb leaves significantly higher than cells cultured on the culture plate. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the decellularized Cb scaffold has great potential for promoting BM-MSCs proliferation and osteogenic differentiation.
植物源三维支架具有独特的结构，代表了天然的细胞微环境，可潜在应用于组织工程。在本研究中，白菜（Cb）叶被脱细胞化，然后研究了其特性，如表面粗糙度、润湿性、孔隙率、机械性能和比表面积。之后，通过骨髓间充质干细胞（BM-MSCs）在脱细胞化的 Cb 叶上的成骨分化研究了支架的成骨诱导性。在分化过程中测定了细胞的矿化、钙分泌、碱性磷酸酶（ALP）活性和骨相关基因的表达水平。我们对支架结构特征的研究结果表明，脱细胞化的 Cb 叶在表面粗糙度、机械性能和连通孔方面是骨分化的良好候选材料。对 BM-MSCs 的成骨分化评估表明，与作为对照的培养板相比，细胞在脱细胞化的 Cb 叶上培养时，ALP 活性和矿化明显增加。此外，在脱细胞化的 Cb 叶上培养的细胞中，Runx2、ALP、胶原-1（Col-I）和骨钙素基因的表达明显高于在培养板上培养的细胞。基于这些结果，可以得出结论，脱细胞化的 Cb 支架具有促进 BM-MSCs 增殖和成骨分化的巨大潜力。
