Department of Psychology and Counselling, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
The Brain and Mind Institute and the Department of Psychology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.
Exp Brain Res. 2021 Mar;239(3):821-834. doi: 10.1007/s00221-020-06015-2. Epub 2021 Jan 4.
There is a growing body of literature demonstrating the relationship between the activation of sensorimotor processes in object recognition. It is unclear, however, if these processes are influenced by the differences in how real (3D) tools and two-dimensional (2D) images of tools are processed by the brain. Here, we examined if these differences could influence the naming of tools. Participants were presented with a prime stimulus that was either a picture of a tool, or a real tool, followed by a target stimulus that was always a real tool. They were then required to name each tool as they appeared. The functional use action required by the target tool was either the same (i.e., squeegee-paint roller) or different (i.e. knife-whisk) to the prime. We found that the format in which the prime tool was presented (i.e., a picture or real tool) had no influence on the participants' response times to naming the target tool. Furthermore, participants were faster at naming target tools relative to prime tools when the exact same tool was presented as both the prime and target. There was no difference in response times to naming the target tool relative to the prime when they were different tools, regardless of whether the tools' functional actions were the same or different. We also found more errors in naming target tools relative to the primes when different tools had a different functional action compared to when the same tool was presented as both the prime and the target. Taken together, our results highlight that the functional actions associated with tools do not facilitate or interfere with the recognition of tools for the purposes of naming. The theoretical implications of these results are discussed.
越来越多的文献证明了感觉运动过程在物体识别中的激活与物体之间存在关系。然而，目前尚不清楚这些过程是否受到大脑对真实（3D）工具和工具二维（2D）图像的处理方式差异的影响。在这里，我们研究了这些差异是否会影响工具的命名。参与者首先会看到一个启动刺激，该刺激可以是工具的图片，也可以是真实的工具，然后是目标刺激，该刺激始终是真实的工具。然后，他们需要在工具出现时对每个工具进行命名。目标工具所需的功能使用动作与启动工具相同（例如，刮水器-油漆辊）或不同（例如，刀-打蛋器）。我们发现，启动工具的呈现格式（即图片或真实工具）对参与者命名目标工具的反应时间没有影响。此外，当启动工具和目标工具完全相同时，参与者命名目标工具的速度比命名启动工具的速度更快。当工具不同时，无论工具的功能动作是否相同，命名目标工具的反应时间与命名启动工具的反应时间没有差异。当具有不同功能动作的工具与相同工具呈现时，与命名启动工具相比，命名目标工具的错误更多。总的来说，我们的结果表明，与工具相关的功能动作不会促进或干扰工具识别，以便进行命名。讨论了这些结果的理论意义。
