University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada,
Exp Brain Res. 2011 Jul;212(1):125-42. doi: 10.1007/s00221-011-2705-0. Epub 2011 May 17.
How we interact with objects depends on what we intend to do with them. In the current work, we show that priming and the kinematics of grasping depend on the goals of grasping, as well as the context in which tasks are presented. We asked participants to grasp familiar kitchen tools in order to either move them, grasp-to-move (GTM), or to demonstrate their common use, grasp-to-use (GTU). When tasks were blocked separately (Experiment 1), we found that priming was only evident for the GTU task. However, when tasks were presented in the same block of trials (Experiment 2), we observed priming for both tasks. Independent of priming, differences in kinematics and reaction times according to task were evident for both Experiments. Longer reaction times for the GTU task indicate more extensive planning, and differences in grasping reflect the characteristics of subsequent actions. Priming of real grasping is determined by task goals as well as task setting, both of which are likely to modulate how object features (affordances) are perceived and influence the planning of future actions.
我们与物体的相互作用取决于我们打算对它们做什么。在目前的工作中，我们表明，启动和抓取的运动学取决于抓取的目标，以及呈现任务的上下文。我们要求参与者抓取熟悉的厨房工具，以便移动它们（抓握移动，GTM），或展示它们的常见用途（抓握使用，GTU）。当任务分别分组进行（实验 1）时，我们发现只有 GTU 任务存在启动效应。然而，当任务在同一组试验中呈现（实验 2）时，我们观察到两种任务都存在启动效应。与启动无关，根据任务的不同，运动学和反应时间的差异在两个实验中都很明显。GTU 任务的反应时间较长表明需要更广泛的计划，抓取的差异反映了后续动作的特点。真实抓取的启动取决于任务目标和任务设置，这两者都可能调节物体特征（可及性）的感知方式，并影响对未来动作的规划。
