Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2021 Mar 1;16(3):395-406. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2019-0624. Epub 2021 Jan 5.
Overuse injury risk increases during periods of accelerated growth, which can subsequently impact development in academy soccer, suggesting a need to quantify training exposure. Nonprescriptive development scheme legislation could lead to inconsistent approaches to monitoring maturity and training load. Therefore, this study aimed to communicate current practices of UK soccer academies toward biological maturity and training load.
Forty-nine respondents completed an online survey representing support staff from male Premier League academies (n = 38) and female Regional Talent Clubs (n = 11). The survey included 16 questions covering maturity and training-load monitoring. Questions were multiple-choice or unipolar scaled (agreement 0-100) with a magnitude-based decision approach used for interpretation.
Injury prevention was deemed highest importance for maturity (83.0 [5.3], mean [SD]) and training-load monitoring (80.0 [2.8]). There were large differences in methods adopted for maturity estimation and moderate differences for training-load monitoring between academies. Predictions of maturity were deemed comparatively low in importance for bio-banded (biological classification) training (61.0 [3.3]) and low for bio-banded competition (56.0 [1.8]) across academies. Few respondents reported maturity (42%) and training load (16%) to parent/guardians, and only 9% of medical staff were routinely provided this data.
Although consistencies between academies exist, disparities in monitoring approaches are likely reflective of environment-specific resource and logistical constraints. Designating consistent and qualified responsibility to staff will help promote fidelity, feedback, and transparency to advise stakeholders of maturity-load relationships. Practitioners should consider biological categorization to manage load prescription to promote maturity-appropriate dose-responses and to help reduce the risk of noncontact injury.
在生长加速期间，过度使用损伤的风险会增加，这可能会影响学院足球的发展，因此需要量化训练的暴露程度。非规定性的发展方案立法可能导致对成熟度和训练负荷监测的方法不一致。因此，本研究旨在交流英国足球学院在生物学成熟度和训练负荷监测方面的当前做法。
49 名受访者完成了一项在线调查，代表了来自英超学院（n=38）和女子区域人才俱乐部（n=11）的支持人员。调查包括 16 个问题，涵盖成熟度和训练负荷监测。问题是多项选择或单极标度（同意 0-100），并使用基于幅度的决策方法进行解释。
预防受伤被认为是成熟度（83.0[5.3]，平均值[标准差]）和训练负荷监测（80.0[2.8]）的最高重要性。在成熟度估计方法和训练负荷监测方面，各学院之间存在较大差异。对于生物带（生物学分类）训练（61.0[3.3]）和生物带竞赛（56.0[1.8]），预测成熟度的重要性被认为相对较低。很少有受访者向家长/监护人报告成熟度（42%）和训练负荷（16%），只有 9%的医务人员定期收到这些数据。
尽管各学院之间存在一致性，但监测方法的差异可能反映了特定环境下资源和后勤方面的限制。指定一致和合格的人员负责将有助于促进保真度、反馈和透明度，以告知利益相关者成熟度-负荷关系。从业者应考虑生物分类来管理负荷处方，以促进成熟度适当的剂量反应，并帮助减少非接触性损伤的风险。
