Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
Biosci Rep. 2021 Jan 29;41(1). doi: 10.1042/BSR20203258.
In the skeletal system, blood vessels not only function as a conduit system for transporting gases, nutrients, metabolic waste, or cells but also provide multifunctional signal molecules regulating bone development, regeneration, and remodeling. Endothelial cells (ECs) in bone tissues, unlike in other organ tissues, are in direct contact with the pericytes of blood vessels, resulting in a closer connection with peripheral connective tissues. Close-contact ECs contribute to osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis by secreting various cytokines in the paracrine or juxtacrine pathways. An increasing number of studies have revealed that extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from ECs can directly regulate maturation process of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. The different pathways focus on targets at different distances, forming the basis of the intimate spatial and temporal link between bone tissue and blood vessels. Here, we provide a systematic review to elaborate on the function of ECs in bone biology and its underlying mechanisms based on three aspects: paracrine, EVs, and juxtacrine. This review proposes the possibility of a therapeutic strategy targeting blood vessels, as an adjuvant treatment for bone disorders.
在骨骼系统中，血管不仅作为运输气体、营养物质、代谢废物或细胞的导管系统发挥作用，还提供多种多功能信号分子，调节骨骼的发育、再生和重塑。与其他器官组织中的血管内皮细胞 (EC) 不同，骨组织中的 EC 与血管周细胞直接接触，与周围结缔组织的连接更加紧密。通过旁分泌或接触依赖性途径分泌各种细胞因子，紧密接触的 EC 有助于成骨和破骨细胞的形成。越来越多的研究表明，来源于 EC 的细胞外囊泡 (EV) 可以直接调节成骨细胞和破骨细胞的成熟过程。不同的途径针对不同距离的靶点，形成了骨骼组织和血管之间紧密的时空联系的基础。在这里，我们基于旁分泌、EV 和接触依赖性三个方面，对 EC 在骨生物学中的功能及其潜在机制进行了系统综述。本综述提出了一种针对血管的治疗策略的可能性，作为骨疾病的辅助治疗方法。
