Fajardo-Cavazos Patricia, Nicholson Wayne L
Space Life Sciences Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, 505 Odyssey Way, Merritt Island, FL 32953, USA.
Life (Basel). 2021 Jan 7;11(1):33. doi: 10.3390/life11010033.
Our understanding of the mechanisms of microgravity perception and response in prokaryotes (Bacteria and Archaea) lag behind those which have been elucidated in eukaryotic organisms. In this hypothesis paper, we: (i) review how eukaryotic cells sense and respond to microgravity using various pathways responsive to unloading of mechanical stress; (ii) we observe that prokaryotic cells possess many structures analogous to mechanosensitive structures in eukaryotes; (iii) we review current evidence indicating that prokaryotes also possess active mechanosensing and mechanotransduction mechanisms; and (iv) we propose a complete mechanotransduction model including mechanisms by which mechanical signals may be transduced to the gene expression apparatus through alterations in bacterial nucleoid architecture, DNA supercoiling, and epigenetic pathways.
我们对原核生物（细菌和古细菌）中微重力感知和响应机制的理解落后于在真核生物中已阐明的机制。在这篇假说论文中，我们：（i）回顾真核细胞如何利用对机械应力卸载作出反应的各种途径来感知和响应微重力；（ii）我们观察到原核细胞拥有许多与真核生物中机械敏感结构类似的结构；（iii）我们回顾当前证据表明原核生物也拥有活跃的机械传感和机械转导机制；以及（iv）我们提出一个完整的机械转导模型，包括机械信号可能通过细菌类核结构、DNA超螺旋和表观遗传途径的改变而转导至基因表达装置的机制。
