Pabbathi Ninian Prem Prashanth, Velidandi Aditya, Tavarna Tanvi, Gupta Shreyash, Raj Ram Sarvesh, Gandam Pradeep Kumar, Baadhe Rama Raju
Integrated Biorefinery Research Lab, Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Warangal, Telangana 506004 India.
Biomass Convers Biorefin. 2023;13(2):1371-1398. doi: 10.1007/s13399-020-01186-y. Epub 2021 Jan 7.
As the fossil fuel reserves are depleting rapidly, there is a need for alternate fuels to meet the day to day mounting energy demands. As fossil fuel started depleting, a quest for alternate forms of fuel was initiated and biofuel is one of its promising outcomes. First-generation biofuels are made from edible sources like vegetable oils, starch, and sugars. Second-generation biofuels (SGB) are derived from lignocellulosic crops and the third-generation involves algae for biofuel production. Technical challenges in the production of SGB are hampering its commercialization. Advanced molecular technologies like metagenomics can help in the discovery of novel lignocellulosic biomass-degrading enzymes for commercialization and industrial production of SGB. This review discusses the metagenomic outcomes to enlighten the importance of unexplored habitats for novel cellulolytic gene mining. It also emphasizes the potential of different metagenomic approaches to explore the uncultivable cellulose-degrading microbiome as well as cellulolytic enzymes associated with them. This review also includes effective pre-treatment technology and consolidated bioprocessing for efficient biofuel production.
随着化石燃料储备迅速枯竭，需要替代燃料来满足日益增长的日常能源需求。随着化石燃料开始枯竭，人们开始寻求替代燃料形式，生物燃料就是其中一个有前景的成果。第一代生物燃料由植物油、淀粉和糖等可食用原料制成。第二代生物燃料（SGB）来源于木质纤维素作物，第三代则涉及利用藻类生产生物燃料。第二代生物燃料生产中的技术挑战阻碍了其商业化。宏基因组学等先进分子技术有助于发现新型木质纤维素生物质降解酶，以实现第二代生物燃料的商业化和工业化生产。本综述讨论了宏基因组学的成果，以阐明未开发生境对新型纤维素分解基因挖掘的重要性。它还强调了不同宏基因组学方法在探索不可培养的纤维素分解微生物群落及其相关纤维素分解酶方面的潜力。本综述还包括有效的预处理技术和用于高效生物燃料生产的整合生物加工。
