INAIL, Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, via Fontana Candida 1, 00078 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy.
IRCCS San Raffele Scientific Institute, Reproductive Sciences Laboratory, Obstetrics and Gynaecology Unit, via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jan 11;18(2):532. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18020532.
Endometriosis is a gynecological disorder characterized by the presence of endometrial stroma and glands outside the uterine cavity. A systematic review of the literature was conducted to clarify, starting from environmental exposure data, whether possible occupational risk factors may correlate with the onset of the disease. The guidelines for reporting systematic reviews of the "PRISMA" statement were followed and two databases, Scopus and PubMed, were used. Of the 422 studies selected with specific keywords, 32 publications were eligible, 28 of which referred to chemical agents and 4 related to night work. Conflicting data emerged among these studies. Although some compounds seemed to be more involved than others in the onset of endometriosis. Association with exposure to organochlorine compounds is the most supported by the epidemiological data, while other pesticide exposure did not show any clear correlation. Likewise, the hypothesis of a correlation with perfluoroalkyls exposure is not currently supported by data. The involvement of metals as risk factors has not been confirmed, while the role of night work, in the case of long service, seems to play an etiological role. In order to clarify the potential occupational risk of endometriosis development, well-designed studies are needed to evaluate the potential association between chemical compounds and disease etiology.
子宫内膜异位症是一种妇科疾病，其特征是子宫内膜基质和腺体出现在子宫腔外。为了阐明这一点，我们从环境暴露数据入手，对文献进行了系统回顾，以确定是否存在可能的职业危险因素与疾病的发生有关。我们遵循了“PRISMA”声明的系统评价报告指南，并使用了 Scopus 和 PubMed 这两个数据库。在使用特定关键词筛选出的 422 项研究中，有 32 项符合入选标准，其中 28 项涉及化学物质，4 项与夜班有关。这些研究结果存在矛盾。尽管一些化合物似乎比其他化合物更能引发子宫内膜异位症，但与接触有机氯化合物的关联得到了流行病学数据的最有力支持，而其他农药接触则没有显示出任何明确的相关性。同样，目前也没有数据支持与全氟烷基化合物暴露相关的假设。金属作为危险因素的作用尚未得到证实，而夜班工作（如果服务时间长）似乎在发病机制中起作用。为了阐明子宫内膜异位症发展的潜在职业风险，需要进行精心设计的研究来评估化学化合物与疾病病因之间的潜在关联。
