State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Cell Prolif. 2020 Sep;53(9):e12874. doi: 10.1111/cpr.12874. Epub 2020 Jul 19.
Coupling between angiogenesis and osteogenesis has an important role in both normal bone injury repair and successful application of tissue-engineered bone for bone defect repair. Type H blood vessels are specialized microvascular components that are closely related to the speed of bone healing. Interactions between type H endothelial cells and osteoblasts, and high expression of CD31 and EMCN render the environment surrounding these blood vessels rich in factors conducive to osteogenesis and promote the coupling of angiogenesis and osteogenesis. Type H vessels are mainly distributed in the metaphysis of bone and densely surrounded by Runx2 and Osterix osteoprogenitors. Several other factors, including hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, Notch, platelet-derived growth factor type BB, and slit guidance ligand 3 are involved in the coupling of type H vessel formation and osteogenesis. In this review, we summarize the identification and distribution of type H vessels and describe the mechanism for type H vessel-mediated modulation of osteogenesis. Type H vessels provide new insights for detection of the molecular and cellular mechanisms that underlie the crosstalk between angiogenesis and osteogenesis. As a result, more feasible therapeutic approaches for treatment of bone defects by targeting type H vessels may be applied in the future.
血管生成和骨生成之间的偶联在正常骨损伤修复和组织工程骨成功应用于骨缺损修复中都具有重要作用。H 型血管是专门的微血管成分，与骨愈合速度密切相关。H 型内皮细胞与成骨细胞之间的相互作用，以及 CD31 和 EMCN 的高表达，使这些血管周围的环境富含有利于成骨的因子，并促进血管生成和骨生成的偶联。H 型血管主要分布在骨的干骺端，被 Runx2 和 Osterix 成骨前体细胞密集包围。其他几种因子，包括缺氧诱导因子-1α、Notch、血小板衍生生长因子 BB 型和缝隙连接配体 3，参与了 H 型血管形成和骨生成的偶联。在这篇综述中，我们总结了 H 型血管的鉴定和分布，并描述了 H 型血管介导的成骨调节机制。H 型血管为检测血管生成和骨生成之间的串扰的分子和细胞机制提供了新的见解。因此，未来可能会应用针对 H 型血管的治疗方法，更可行地治疗骨缺损。
