Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, The "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Department of Morphological Sciences, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Jan 13;22(2):746. doi: 10.3390/ijms22020746.
Lung cancer is currently the first cause of cancer-related death. The major lung cancer subtype is non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC), which accounts for approximatively 85% of cases. The major carcinogenic associated with lung cancer is tobacco smoke, which produces long-lasting and progressive damage to the respiratory tract. The progressive and diffuse alterations that occur in the respiratory tract of patients with cancer and premalignant lesions have been described as field cancerization. At the level of tumor cells, adjacent tumor microenvironment (TME) and cancerized field are taking place dynamic interactions through direct cell-to-cell communication or through extracellular vesicles. These molecular messages exchanged between tumor and nontumor cells are represented by proteins, noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs). In this paper, we analyze the miRNA roles in the macrophage polarization at the level of TME and cancerized field in NSCLC. Identifying molecular players that can influence the phenotypic states at the level of malignant cells, tumor microenvironment and cancerized field can provide us new insights into tumor regulatory mechanisms that can be further modulated to restore the immunogenic capacity of the TME. This approach could revert alterations in the cancerized field and could enhance currently available therapy approaches.
肺癌是癌症相关死亡的首要原因。主要的肺癌亚型是非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC），约占病例的 85%。与肺癌相关的主要致癌因素是烟草烟雾，它会对呼吸道造成持久且渐进的损害。在癌症和癌前病变患者的呼吸道中发生的进行性和弥漫性改变被描述为“肿瘤发生场”。在肿瘤细胞水平上，相邻的肿瘤微环境（TME）和癌变场通过直接细胞间通信或通过细胞外囊泡进行动态相互作用。肿瘤细胞和非肿瘤细胞之间交换的这些分子信息由蛋白质、非编码 RNA（ncRNA）和 microRNA（miRNA）表示。在本文中，我们分析了 miRNA 在 NSCLC 中 TME 和癌变场中巨噬细胞极化中的作用。鉴定能够影响恶性细胞、肿瘤微环境和癌变场表型状态的分子参与者，可以为我们提供肿瘤调控机制的新见解，这些机制可以进一步调节以恢复 TME 的免疫原性。这种方法可以逆转癌变场的改变，并可以增强现有的治疗方法。
