Duncan Ashten R, Jaini Paresh A, Hellman Chan M
OU-TU School of Community Medicine, University of Oklahoma-Tulsa, Tulsa, Oklahoma (ARD).
John Peter Smith Health Network, Fort Worth, Texas (PAJ).
Am J Lifestyle Med. 2020 Mar 3;15(1):6-13. doi: 10.1177/1559827620908255. eCollection 2021 Jan-Feb.
The majority of deaths in the United States are attributable to lifestyle-associated chronic diseases. Therapeutic encounters must now routinely address lifestyle-related behavior changes and promote patients' active involvement in self-care and chronic disease management. Positive psychology has been recognized in the realm of lifestyle medicine for its potential applications in effecting patient behavior change. One notable framework within positive psychology that is well suited for facilitating specific behavior changes is hope theory, which can be used to elicit change talk and build agency among patients with chronic diseases. This review explores key literature in positive psychology and hope theory and its practical applications to direct patient care, which includes an illustrative case study. There are still many unexplored intersections of health-related variables and hope. The cognitive framework of hope theory lends itself well to a broad range of situations, including brief ambulatory encounters. Clinicians will be instrumental in increasing our understanding of how hope theory can be applied to the therapeutic encounter. There are simple and efficient ways to innovate in this area. Having information about a patient's hope has the potential to make empathic connections easier and create opportunities to ask specific questions to help patients overcome barriers.
在美国，大多数死亡都归因于与生活方式相关的慢性病。现在，治疗过程必须常规性地处理与生活方式相关的行为改变，并促进患者积极参与自我护理和慢性病管理。积极心理学因其在影响患者行为改变方面的潜在应用，已在生活方式医学领域得到认可。积极心理学中一个非常适合促进特定行为改变的显著框架是希望理论，该理论可用于引发改变谈话并在慢性病患者中建立能动性。本综述探讨了积极心理学和希望理论的关键文献及其在指导患者护理方面的实际应用，其中包括一个说明性案例研究。健康相关变量与希望之间仍有许多未被探索的交叉点。希望理论的认知框架非常适合广泛的情况，包括简短的门诊诊疗。临床医生将有助于增进我们对希望理论如何应用于治疗过程的理解。在这一领域有简单而有效的创新方法。了解患者的希望有可能使共情联系更容易，并创造机会提出特定问题以帮助患者克服障碍。
