Kaya Hüseyin Oğuzhan, Cetin Arif E, Azimzadeh Mostafa, Topkaya Seda Nur
Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Izmir Katip Celebi University, 35620, Izmir, Turkey.
Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Balcova 35340, Izmir, Turkey.
J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne). 2021 Feb 1;882:114989. doi: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2021.114989. Epub 2021 Jan 9.
Detection of pathogens, e.g., bacteria and viruses, is still a big challenge in analytical medicine due to their vast number and variety. Developing strategies for rapid, inexpensive, specific, and sensitive detection of the pathogens using nanomaterials, integrating with microfluidics devices, amplification methods, or even combining these strategies have received significant attention. Especially, after the health-threatening COVID-19 outbreak, rapid and sensitive detection of pathogens became very critical. Detection of pathogens could be realized with electrochemical, optical, mass sensitive, or thermal methods. Among them, electrochemical methods are very promising by bringing different advantages, i.e., they exhibit more versatile detection schemes and real-time quantification as well as label-free measurements, which provides a broader application perspective. In this review, we discuss the recent advances for the detection of bacteria and viruses using electrochemical biosensors. Moreover, electrochemical biosensors for pathogen detection were broadly reviewed in terms of analyte, bio-recognition and transduction elements. Different fabrication techniques, detection principles, and applications of various pathogens with the electrochemical biosensors were also discussed.
由于病原体（如细菌和病毒）数量众多、种类繁杂，在分析医学中对其进行检测仍是一项巨大挑战。利用纳米材料开发快速、廉价、特异且灵敏的病原体检测策略，或将其与微流控设备、扩增方法相结合，甚至综合运用这些策略，已受到广泛关注。特别是在威胁健康的新冠疫情爆发后，对病原体进行快速灵敏的检测变得至关重要。病原体检测可通过电化学、光学、质量敏感或热学方法实现。其中，电化学方法因具有多种优势而极具前景，例如，它们展现出更多样化的检测方案、实时定量以及无标记测量能力，这提供了更广阔的应用前景。在本综述中，我们讨论了使用电化学生物传感器检测细菌和病毒的最新进展。此外，还从分析物、生物识别和传感元件方面对用于病原体检测的电化学生物传感器进行了广泛综述。同时也讨论了电化学生物传感器的不同制备技术、检测原理以及对各种病原体的检测应用。
