Forbes Scott C, Candow Darren G, Krentz Joel R, Roberts Michael D, Young Kaelin C
Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education, Brandon University, Brandon, MB R7A 6A9, Canada.
Faculty of Kinesiology and Health Studies, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada.
J Funct Morphol Kinesiol. 2019 Aug 23;4(3):62. doi: 10.3390/jfmk4030062.
Aging is associated with an increase in fat mass which increases the risk for disease, morbidity and premature mortality. Creatine supplementation in combination with resistance training has been shown to increase lean tissue mass in adults ≥50 years of age; however, the synergetic effects of creatine and resistance training on fat mass in this population are unclear. Creatine metabolism plays an important role in adipose tissue bioenergetics and energy expenditure. Thus, the combination of creatine supplementation and resistance training may decrease fat mass more than resistance training alone. The purpose of this review is two-fold: (1) to perform meta-analyses on studies involving creatine supplementation during resistance training on fat mass in adults ≥50 years of age, and (2) to discuss possible mechanistic actions of creatine on reducing fat mass. Nineteen studies were included in our meta-analysis with 609 participants. Results from the meta-analyses showed that adults ≥50 years of age who supplemented with creatine during resistance training experienced a greater reduction in body fat percentage (0.55%, = 0.04) compared to those on placebo during resistance training. Despite no statistical difference ( = 0.13), adults supplementing with creatine lost ~0.5 kg more fat mass compared to those on placebo. Interestingly, there are studies which have linked mechanism(s) explaining how creatine may influence fat mass, and these data are also discussed.
衰老与体脂增加相关，而体脂增加会增加患病风险、发病率和过早死亡风险。补充肌酸并结合抗阻训练已被证明可增加50岁及以上成年人的瘦体重；然而，肌酸和抗阻训练对该人群体脂的协同作用尚不清楚。肌酸代谢在脂肪组织生物能量学和能量消耗中起重要作用。因此，补充肌酸与抗阻训练相结合可能比单纯抗阻训练更能减少体脂。本综述的目的有两个：（1）对涉及50岁及以上成年人在抗阻训练期间补充肌酸对体脂影响的研究进行荟萃分析，（2）讨论肌酸减少体脂的可能作用机制。我们的荟萃分析纳入了19项研究，共609名参与者。荟萃分析结果显示，50岁及以上成年人在抗阻训练期间补充肌酸的，与在抗阻训练期间服用安慰剂的相比，体脂百分比下降幅度更大（0.55%，P = 0.04）。尽管无统计学差异（P = 0.13），但补充肌酸的成年人比服用安慰剂的成年人多减掉约0.5千克体脂。有趣的是，有研究阐述了肌酸可能影响体脂的机制，本文也对这些数据进行了讨论。
