关于冠状病毒的灾难性认知：牛津大学冠状病毒心理调查问卷[TOPIC-Q]
Catastrophic cognitions about coronavirus: the Oxford psychological investigation of coronavirus questionnaire [TOPIC-Q].
作者信息
Rosebrock Laina, Černis Emma, Lambe Sinéad, Waite Felicity, Rek Stephanie, Petit Ariane, Ehlers Anke, Clark David M, Freeman Daniel
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.
出版信息
Psychol Med. 2021 Jan 22:1-10. doi: 10.1017/S0033291721000283.
BACKGROUND
Cognitive therapies are developed on the principle that specific cognitive appraisals are key determinants in the development and maintenance of mental health disorders. It is likely that particular appraisals of the coronavirus pandemic will have explanatory power for subsequent mental health outcomes in the general public. To enable testing of this hypothesis we developed a questionnaire assessing coronavirus-related cognitions.
METHODS
12 285 participants completed online a 46-item pool of cognitions about coronavirus and six measures of different mental health problems. The sample was randomly split into derivation and validation samples. Exploratory factor analyses determined the factor structure, selection of items, and model fit in the derivation sample. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) then tested this model in the validation sample. Associations of the questionnaire with mental health outcomes were examined.
RESULTS
The 26-item, seven-factor, Oxford Psychological Investigation of Coronavirus Questionnaire [TOPIC-Q] was developed. CFA demonstrated a good model fit (χ2 = 2108.43, df = 278, p < 0.001, comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.950, Tucker-Lewis index (TLI) = 0.942, root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.033, standardized root mean square residual (SRMR) = 0.038). The factors were: cognitions about (1) safety and vulnerability, (2) negative long-term impact, (3) having the virus, (4) spreading the virus, (5) social judgment, (6) negative self, and (7) being targeted. The questionnaire explained significant variance in depression (45.8%), social anxiety (37.3%), agoraphobia (23.2%), paranoia (27.3%), post-traumatic stress disorder (57.1%), and panic disorder (31.4%). Cognitions about negative long-term impact had the greatest explanatory power across disorders.
CONCLUSIONS
TOPIC-Q provides a method to assess appraisals of the pandemic, which is likely to prove helpful both in longitudinal studies assessing mental health outcomes and in delivery of psychological therapy.
背景
认知疗法基于特定认知评估是心理健康障碍发生和维持的关键决定因素这一原则而发展。对新冠疫情的特定评估可能对普通大众随后的心理健康结果具有解释力。为了能够检验这一假设，我们编制了一份评估与新冠病毒相关认知的问卷。
方法
12285名参与者在线完成了一份包含46个关于新冠病毒认知项目的问卷以及六项不同心理健康问题的测量。样本被随机分为推导样本和验证样本。探索性因素分析确定了推导样本中的因素结构、项目选择和模型拟合。然后，验证性因素分析（CFA）在验证样本中检验该模型。研究了该问卷与心理健康结果之间的关联。
结果
编制了26个项目、七个因素的《牛津新冠病毒心理调查问卷》（TOPIC-Q）。CFA显示模型拟合良好（χ2 = 2108.43，自由度 = 278，p < 0.001，比较拟合指数（CFI） = 0.950，塔克-刘易斯指数（TLI） = 0.942，近似误差均方根（RMSEA） = 0.033，标准化均方根残差（SRMR） = 0.038）。这些因素包括：关于（1）安全与易感性、（2）长期负面影响、（3）感染病毒、（4）传播病毒、（5）社会评判、（6）消极自我以及（7）成为目标的认知。该问卷解释了抑郁（45.8%）、社交焦虑（37.3%）、广场恐惧症（23.2%）、偏执狂（27.3%）、创伤后应激障碍（57.1%）和惊恐障碍（31.4%）中显著的变异。关于长期负面影响的认知在各种障碍中具有最大的解释力。
结论
TOPIC-Q提供了一种评估对疫情评估的方法，这可能在评估心理健康结果的纵向研究以及心理治疗的实施中都被证明是有帮助的。
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