Ophthalmology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Robert Coppes Foundation, Vught, The Netherlands.
Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 2021 Mar;41(2):331-341. doi: 10.1111/opo.12784. Epub 2021 Jan 22.
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental health problem with a negative impact on quality of life. Little is known about the relationship between PTSD and visual impairment. According to diagnostic criteria for PTSD, vision loss in itself is generally not considered as a traumatic event. PTSD in people with visual impairment is more likely to be the result of traumatic events, which are not directly related, or are only indirectly related to, visual impairment. The purpose of this systematic review was to describe and discuss the literature on the development of PTSD in people with visual impairment.
A literature search in PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO and Web of Science was performed up to 15 November 2019 in collaboration with a medical information specialist. Additional search strategies included hand searches of references of retrieved papers and free-text hand searches in Google Scholar. Thematic content analysis of the extracted data was carried out in order to identify main themes and subthemes.
Findings from 13 articles are presented in a narrative manner along three main themes: (1) posttraumatic stress disorder; (2) traumatic events and (3) impact of traumatic events. People with visual impairments may be at higher risk of being exposed to certain potentially traumatic events. Limited/restricted access to situational information during events may contribute to the stressfulness of the experience. Furthermore, visual impairment may shape the impact of traumatic events.
The current evidence suggests some unique experiences and challenges for people who are visually impaired. PTSD was prevalent in this population, and prevalence rates ranged from 4% to 50%. Future research may focus on gaining insight into the extent and burden of PTSD, and exploring help-seeking behaviour and treatment needs among those with visual impairment and PTSD.
创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）是一种对生活质量有负面影响的心理健康问题。人们对 PTSD 与视力障碍之间的关系知之甚少。根据 PTSD 的诊断标准，视力丧失本身一般不被视为创伤事件。视力障碍者的 PTSD 更有可能是创伤事件的结果，这些创伤事件与视力障碍没有直接关系，或者只是间接相关。本系统评价的目的是描述和讨论有关视力障碍者 PTSD 发展的文献。
与医学信息专家合作，在 PubMed、Embase、PsycINFO 和 Web of Science 上进行了文献检索，检索时间截至 2019 年 11 月 15 日。额外的搜索策略包括检索到的论文参考文献的手动搜索和 Google Scholar 中的自由文本手动搜索。对提取的数据进行主题内容分析，以确定主要主题和子主题。
以叙述的方式呈现了 13 篇文章的发现，内容围绕三个主要主题：（1）创伤后应激障碍；（2）创伤事件；（3）创伤事件的影响。视力障碍者可能面临更高的风险，更容易接触到某些潜在的创伤性事件。在事件中，对情境信息的有限/受限获取可能会增加体验的压力。此外，视力障碍可能会影响创伤事件的影响。
目前的证据表明，视力障碍者有一些独特的经历和挑战。该人群中 PTSD 较为普遍，患病率从 4%到 50%不等。未来的研究可能集中在深入了解 PTSD 的程度和负担，并探索视力障碍和 PTSD 患者的求助行为和治疗需求。
