Department of Kinesiology, California State University-San Marcos, San Marcos, California, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2021 Jan 22;16(1):e0244850. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244850. eCollection 2021.
Data obtained in primarily Caucasian (C) and African American adults show that ethnicity does not mediate responsiveness to exercise training. It is unknown if Hispanics (H), who face elevated health risks and are less active than C, exhibit a similar response to exercise training. This study compared cardiorespiratory and hemodynamic responses to high intensity interval training (HIIT) between C and H women. Twelve C and ten H women ages 19-35 yr who were non-obese and inactive completed nine sessions of HIIT over a 3 wk period. Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) was assessed twice at baseline during which thoracic impedance was used to evaluate heart rate (HR), stroke volume (SV) and cardiac output (CO). Habitual physical activity was assessed using accelerometry. Results showed a significant main effect of training for VO2max in C and H (F = 13.97, p = 0.001) and no group by training interaction (p = 0.65). There was a main effect of training for CO and SV in C and H (F = 7.57, p = 0.01; F = 7.16, p = 0.02), yet post hoc analyses revealed significant increases were only exhibited in C. There was a tendency for a group by training interaction for a-VO2diff (F = 1.32, p = 0.054), and a large effect size was seen in H (d = 1.02). Overall, data show no effect of ethnicity on changes in VO2max with low-volume HIIT, yet C and H may achieve this outcome differently. Longer studies in similar populations are needed to verify this result.
主要在白种人（C）和非裔美国人成年人中获得的数据表明，种族并不影响对运动训练的反应。尚不清楚西班牙裔（H），他们面临更高的健康风险，比 C 更不活跃，是否对运动训练表现出类似的反应。本研究比较了 C 和 H 女性高强度间歇训练（HIIT）的心肺和血液动力学反应。12 名年龄在 19-35 岁的非肥胖和不活跃的 C 和 H 女性在 3 周内完成了 9 次 HIIT 训练。在基线期间两次评估最大摄氧量（VO2max），在此期间使用胸阻抗评估心率（HR）、每搏量（SV）和心输出量（CO）。使用加速度计评估习惯性体力活动。结果显示，C 和 H 中 VO2max 的训练有显著的主效应（F = 13.97，p = 0.001），且无组间训练交互作用（p = 0.65）。C 和 H 中 CO 和 SV 的训练有显著的主效应（F = 7.57，p = 0.01；F = 7.16，p = 0.02），但事后分析显示仅在 C 中出现显著增加。a-VO2diff 存在训练组间交互作用的趋势（F = 1.32，p = 0.054），且 H 的效应量较大（d = 1.02）。总体而言，数据显示低容量 HIIT 对 VO2max 变化的种族影响不大，但 C 和 H 可能以不同的方式达到这一结果。需要在类似人群中进行更长时间的研究来验证这一结果。
