Nischitha R, Shivanna M B
Department of PG Studies and Research in Applied Botany, School of Biosciences, Kuvempu University, Jnana Sahyadri 577 451, Shimoga, Shankaraghatta India.
3 Biotech. 2021 Feb;11(2):53. doi: 10.1007/s13205-020-02590-x. Epub 2021 Jan 11.
Endophytic fungal occurrences were studied in aerial regions of and by three isolation methods: potato dextrose agar (PDA), malt extract agar (MEA), and moist blotters. Seventy species of 29 genera of endophytic fungi in and 71 species of 30 genera in were documented. Endophytic fungal communities were grouped into 40 and 43 anamorphic ascomycetes (21 and 23 genera) and 20 teleomorphic ascomycetes (6 and 7 genera) in and respectively. PDA supported the expression of larger number of fungal communities than MEA and MB; and hosted more number of endophytic fungi than . Seasons played an important role in supporting the assemblage of fungal endophytes. Endophytic fungal species richness and assemblages in plant regions were determined for alpha, beta, and gamma diversities. The ethyl acetate followed by methanolic extracts of certain fungal species showed good antagonistic and antibacterial activities. Among fungal endophytes, and exhibited high antagonistic and antibacterial activities. The high-resolution orbitrap liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry of ethyl acetate crude extracts of and revealed the presence of antifungal and antimicrobial, besides a host of compounds in the extracts. The present study indicated that grass endophytes are the sources of compounds with antimicrobial and other pharmacological activities.
采用三种分离方法，即马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂（PDA）、麦芽提取物琼脂（MEA）和湿滤纸，对[植物名称1]和[植物名称2]地上部分的内生真菌发生情况进行了研究。记录了[植物名称1]中29属70种内生真菌以及[植物名称2]中30属71种内生真菌。[植物名称1]和[植物名称2]的内生真菌群落分别分为40个和43个无性型子囊菌（21属和23属）以及20个有性型子囊菌（6属和7属）。与MEA和MB相比，PDA支持表达更多数量的真菌群落；并且[植物名称1]比[植物名称2]拥有更多数量的内生真菌。季节在支持真菌内生菌的聚集方面发挥了重要作用。测定了植物区域内生真菌物种丰富度和组合的α、β和γ多样性。某些真菌物种的乙酸乙酯提取物其次是甲醇提取物显示出良好的拮抗和抗菌活性。在真菌内生菌中，[真菌名称1]和[真菌名称2]表现出高拮抗和抗菌活性。[植物名称1]和[植物名称2]乙酸乙酯粗提物的高分辨率轨道阱液相色谱 - 质谱分析表明，提取物中除了大量化合物外，还存在抗真菌和抗菌物质。本研究表明，禾本科植物内生菌是具有抗菌和其他药理活性化合物的来源。
