Department of Human Ecology, School of International Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jan 20;18(3):890. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18030890.
The acute effect of temperature on asthma morbidity in Bangladesh is not well understood. As climate varies extensively in different parts of the world, the relation between temperature and asthma might also differ. We investigated the association between temperature and asthma-related hospital visits in the tropical city of Dhaka. We analyzed information from a total of 5989 asthma patients who received ambulatory care in the form of nebulized medication at the National Asthma Center in Mohakhali, Dhaka from February to November 2013. A time-stratified case-crossover study was conducted to estimate the effect of daily temperature, with consideration of delayed effects and possible confounders such as relative humidity and political strikes. An inverse association was observed between temperature and the number of hospital visits. The effect was delayed for approximately a week. A degree centigrade decrease in mean temperature (averaged across lags 0-6) was associated with an increase of approximately 4.5% (95% CI 1.5, 7.5) in all asthma visits. The association was evident in adult males but marginal in elderly males. A positive association (lag 0) was observed among adult females, whereas no association was observed among children. Strikes significantly modified the effect among the elderly. Findings suggest temperature declines affect asthma outcomes in a warm climate, and this effect can be delayed and vary by sex and age group.
温度对孟加拉国哮喘发病率的急性影响尚不清楚。由于世界不同地区的气候差异很大，温度与哮喘之间的关系也可能不同。我们研究了达卡这个热带城市的温度与哮喘相关就诊之间的关系。我们分析了 2013 年 2 月至 11 月期间在达卡 Mohakhali 的国家哮喘中心接受雾化药物门诊治疗的总共 5989 名哮喘患者的信息。进行了时间分层病例交叉研究，以估计每日温度的影响，同时考虑了延迟效应和可能的混杂因素，如相对湿度和政治罢工。我们观察到温度与就诊次数之间呈负相关。这种影响大约滞后一周。平均温度每降低 1 摄氏度（滞后 0-6），所有哮喘就诊的增加约为 4.5%（95%CI 1.5, 7.5）。这种关联在成年男性中明显，但在老年男性中则较为边缘。在成年女性中观察到正相关（滞后 0），而在儿童中则没有观察到相关性。罢工显著改变了老年人群中的这种关联。研究结果表明，在温暖的气候中，温度下降会影响哮喘的结果，这种影响可能会延迟，并且因性别和年龄组而异。
