Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
Pediatric Growth and Development Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Crit Rev Anal Chem. 2022;52(6):1259-1286. doi: 10.1080/10408347.2021.1871844. Epub 2021 Jan 26.
Recent success in studying the proteome, as a source of biomarkers, has completely changed our understanding of leukemia (blood cancer). The identification of differentially expressed proteins, such as relapse and drug resistance proteins involved in leukemia by using various ionization sources and mass analyzers of mass spectrometry techniques, has helped scientists find better diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment strategies. With the aid of this powerful analytical technique, we can investigate the qualification/quantification of proteins, protein-protein interactions, post-translational modifications, and find the correlation between proteins and their genes with the hope of finding the missing parts of the successful therapy puzzle. In this review, we followed different MS sources and analyzers which used for monitoring various type of leukemia, then focused on MALDI-TOF MS as a quick and reliable method for studying proteins. Due to several review published for other techniques, the present review is the first work in this field. Also, by classifying more than 400 proteins, we have found 42 proteins are involved in two or three different stages of leukemia. Finally, we have suggested six specific biomarkers for AML, one for ALL, three biomarkers with a role in the etiology of leukemia and 13 markers with the potential for further studies.
近年来，蛋白质组学作为生物标志物的来源的研究取得了巨大成功，这完全改变了我们对白血病（血癌）的认识。通过使用各种质谱技术的离子源和质量分析器，鉴定出与白血病相关的差异表达蛋白，如复发和耐药蛋白，帮助科学家们找到了更好的诊断、预后和治疗策略。借助这种强大的分析技术，我们可以研究蛋白质的定性/定量、蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用、翻译后修饰，并找到蛋白质与其基因之间的相关性，以期找到成功治疗拼图中缺失的部分。在这篇综述中，我们跟踪了用于监测各种类型白血病的不同 MS 源和分析器，然后重点介绍 MALDI-TOF MS 作为研究蛋白质的快速可靠方法。由于已经有其他技术的多篇综述发表，本综述是该领域的第一篇工作。此外，通过对 400 多种蛋白质进行分类，我们发现有 42 种蛋白质参与了白血病的两个或三个不同阶段。最后，我们提出了六个用于 AML 的特定生物标志物、一个用于 ALL 的生物标志物、三个在白血病病因学中起作用的生物标志物和 13 个具有进一步研究潜力的标志物。
