Cheng Lei, Zhang Wei, Jin Qing, Zhu Yiling, Chen Rong, Tian Qi, Yan Niandong, Guo Liwei
School of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434020, China.
Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture), Wuhan 430064, China.
Poult Sci. 2021 Mar;100(3):100925. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.12.023. Epub 2020 Dec 13.
This study aimed to assess the effect of lotus leaf extract (LLE) on the immune response and intestinal microbiota composition of broiler chickens. One-day-old birds were assigned to 7 treatments. Two maize-based control diets were each given with or without 50 mg/kg chlortetracycline (antibiotics and blank control groups, respectively). Five experimental diets were each given with 1.0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, or 10.0 g/kg LLE. Average daily weight gain (ADG) was assessed, and the immune organ index was calculated. Serum cytokine and immunoglobulin levels were determined, and intestinal microbiota composition was analyzed via high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Results showed that in the LLE5 group, ADG was higher than that of the antibiotics and blank control groups (P < 0.05) from d 7 to 21, the thymus index at d14, spleen index at d 21, and bursa index at d 14 and 21 were increased markedly (P < 0.05). In the LLE5 and LLE7.5 groups, serum total IgG and sIgA concentrations were higher than those of the antibiotics and blank control groups (P < 0.05) at d 7 and higher than those of the antibiotics group (P < 0.05) at d 14. No significant effect was observed for interferon-gamma concentrations between the antibiotics and LLE5 or LLE7.5 groups; compared with the antibiotics group, IL2 concentrations were increased in the LLE5 group at d 7 and in the LLE7.5 group at d 21 (P < 0.05). 16s rRNA sequencing analysis revealed that there were 1,704, 232, and 4,814 operational taxonomic unit in the blank control group, antibiotics group, and LLE groups, respectively. The intestinal microbiota consisted mainly of Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes (>95%) at the phylum level; at the family level, the abundance of Clostridiaceae and Bacteroidales S24-7 was increased, whereas that of Peptostreptococcaceae was reduced in LLE5 group (P < 0.05). These findings suggest that LLE may be a good source of prebiotics, helping to modulate the immune response and boost the levels of beneficial bacteria.
本研究旨在评估荷叶提取物（LLE）对肉鸡免疫反应和肠道微生物群组成的影响。将1日龄的雏鸡分为7组进行处理。两种以玉米为基础的对照日粮，分别添加或不添加50mg/kg金霉素（分别为抗生素组和空白对照组）。五种试验日粮分别添加1.0、2.5、5.0、7.5或10.0g/kg的LLE。评估平均日增重（ADG），并计算免疫器官指数。测定血清细胞因子和免疫球蛋白水平，并通过16S rRNA基因的高通量测序分析肠道微生物群组成。结果表明，在LLE5组中，从第7天到第21天，ADG高于抗生素组和空白对照组（P<0.05），第14天的胸腺指数、第21天的脾脏指数以及第14天和第21天的法氏囊指数均显著增加（P<0.05）。在LLE5组和LLE7.5组中，第7天血清总IgG和sIgA浓度高于抗生素组和空白对照组（P<0.05），第14天高于抗生素组（P<0.05）。抗生素组与LLE5组或LLE7.5组之间的干扰素-γ浓度未观察到显著影响；与抗生素组相比，LLE5组在第7天、LLE7.5组在第21天的IL2浓度升高（P<0.05）。16S rRNA测序分析显示，空白对照组、抗生素组和LLE组分别有1704、232和4814个可操作分类单元。在门水平上，肠道微生物群主要由厚壁菌门、变形菌门、放线菌门和拟杆菌门组成（>95%）；在科水平上，LLE5组中梭菌科和拟杆菌目S24-7的丰度增加，而消化链球菌科的丰度降低（P<0.05）。这些发现表明，LLE可能是一种良好的益生元来源，有助于调节免疫反应并提高有益菌的水平。
