Ezhilan Madeshwari, Suresh Indhu, Nesakumar Noel
School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials (CeNTAB), SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613401, Tamil Nadu, India.
School of Chemical and Biotechnology, Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials (CeNTAB), SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613401, Tamil Nadu, India.
Measurement (Lond). 2021 Jan 15;168:108335. doi: 10.1016/j.measurement.2020.108335. Epub 2020 Aug 8.
The highly pathogenic MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 cause acute respiratory syndrome and are often fatal. These new viruses pose major problems to global health in general and primarily to infection control and public health services. Accurate and selective assessment of MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 would assist in the effective diagnosis of infected individual, offer clinical guidance and aid in assessing clinical outcomes. In this mini-review, we review the literature on various aspects, including the history and diversity of SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, their detection methods in effective clinical diagnosis, clinical assessment of COVID-19, safety guidelines recommended by World Health Organization and legal regulations. This review article also deals with existing challenges and difficulties in the clinical diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2. Developing alternative diagnostic platforms by spotting the shortcomings of the existing point-of-care diagnostic devices would be useful in preventing future outbreaks.
高致病性中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒（MERS-CoV）、严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒（SARS-CoV）和严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）可引发急性呼吸综合征，且往往致命。这些新型病毒总体上给全球卫生带来重大问题，主要是给感染控制和公共卫生服务带来问题。对MERS-CoV、SARS-CoV和SARS-CoV-2进行准确且有针对性的评估，将有助于有效诊断感染者、提供临床指导并辅助评估临床结果。在本综述中，我们回顾了各个方面的文献，包括SARS-CoV-2、SARS-CoV和MERS-CoV的历史与多样性、它们在有效临床诊断中的检测方法、新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）的临床评估、世界卫生组织推荐的安全指南以及法律法规。本文还探讨了SARS-CoV-2临床诊断中存在的挑战与困难。通过找出现有即时诊断设备的缺点来开发替代诊断平台，将有助于预防未来的疫情爆发。
