Department of Nursing, College of Health Science, Woldia University, Po Box 400, Woldia, Ethiopia.
Department of Nursing, College of Health Science, Debre Berhan University, Po Box 400, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia.
BMC Pediatr. 2019 Nov 14;19(1):437. doi: 10.1186/s12887-019-1774-2.
Intestinal parasitic infestations triggered considerable gastrointestinal morbidity, malnutrition, and mortality worldwide. In particular, young children in developing countries affected most. Helminthiasis infestation accounts for 10-20% of prevalence on preschool children worldwide. Unfortunately, small children below 5 years are uniquely susceptible to intestinal parasitic infestations in poor communities. This is because of children's behavior like playing with soil and putting hand -to- mouth habit. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and risk factors of intestinal parasitic infestations among preschool children in Sekota town, Ethiopia.
A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out on 378 preschool children in Sekota town from February 15 - March 10/2019. Stool specimens were collected and examined for intestinal parasites using wet mount and formal ether concentration technique. The risk factors of intestinal parasites were assessed using a pretested structured questionnaire. The data were entered and analyzed using Epi-data version 4.2.0.0 and SPSS-version 23 statistical software respectively. Both bivariable and multivariable analysis was carried out, and potential co-linearity was tested for closely similar variables. Variables with P value less than 0.05 in multivariable analysis was considered as statistically significant and reported with 95% CI and odds ratio.
The prevalence of intestinal parasitic infestations in Sekota town on wet mount and formal ether concentration techniques was 83(21.9%), (95% CI, 17.7-26.3%) and 113(29.9%), (95% CI, 25.1-34.8%) respectively. In multivariable analysis, not taking medication as periodical deworming (AOR, 95% CI), (2.5, 1.5-4.3), presence of animals in the living room (AOR, 95% CI) (3.1, 1.8-5.3), and being a government employee as an occupation (AOR, 95% CI), (3.4, 1.1-10.0) were increasing the odds of intestinal parasitic infestations.
The prevalence of intestinal parasitic infestations in Sekota town is high, which is a public health problem. The risk factors that contributed to intestinal parasitic infestations in this study were preventable and modifiable. Therefore, the concerned bodies need to emphasis on periodical deworming and keeping animals in separate room.
肠道寄生虫感染在全球范围内引起了相当大的胃肠道发病率、营养不良和死亡率。特别是发展中国家的幼儿受影响最大。全球学龄前儿童的寄生虫感染率为 10-20%。不幸的是，贫困社区中 5 岁以下的幼儿特别容易受到肠道寄生虫感染。这是因为孩子们有玩土和手口习惯等行为。因此，本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚塞科塔镇学龄前儿童肠道寄生虫感染的流行率和危险因素。
2019 年 2 月 15 日至 3 月 10 日，在塞科塔镇进行了一项基于社区的横断面研究，共纳入 378 名学龄前儿童。采集粪便标本，采用湿片镜检和甲醛乙醚沉淀法检查肠道寄生虫。采用预测试的结构化问卷评估肠道寄生虫的危险因素。数据分别使用 EpiData 版本 4.2.0.0 和 SPSS 版本 23 统计软件录入和分析。进行单变量和多变量分析，并对相似变量进行潜在共线性检验。多变量分析中 P 值小于 0.05 的变量被认为具有统计学意义，并以 95%CI 和比值比报告。
塞科塔镇湿片镜检和甲醛乙醚沉淀法的肠道寄生虫感染率分别为 83(21.9%)，(95%CI，17.7-26.3%)和 113(29.9%)，(95%CI，25.1-34.8%)。多变量分析显示，不定期服用驱虫药作为驱虫药（AOR，95%CI）（2.5，1.5-4.3）、客厅内有动物（AOR，95%CI）（3.1，1.8-5.3）和政府雇员职业（AOR，95%CI）（3.4，1.1-10.0）会增加肠道寄生虫感染的几率。
塞科塔镇肠道寄生虫感染的流行率很高，这是一个公共卫生问题。本研究中导致肠道寄生虫感染的危险因素是可以预防和改变的。因此，有关部门需要重视定期驱虫和将动物饲养在单独的房间内。
