Shandong New Hope Liuhe Group Co., Ltd., Qingdao, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
Shandong New Hope Liuhe Group Co., Ltd., Qingdao, China; Feed research centre, New Hope Liuhe Co., Ltd., Beijing, China.
Poult Sci. 2021 Mar;100(3):100840. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.10.073. Epub 2020 Nov 19.
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of 3 rearing systems (FL: flooring litter rearing, MC: multilayer cage rearing, PN: plastic net rearing) with or without supplemental narasin on growth performance, gastrointestine development and health of broilers. A total of 2,400 one-day-old Ross 308 mixed-sex broilers (1:1 ratio of males and females) were used in a completely randomized design utilizing a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments, with 12 replicates per treatment. Each replicate for FL, MC, and PN consisted of 34 birds per floor pen, 30 birds per cage, and 36 birds per net pen, respectively, ensuring the same stocking density (12 birds/m) across the 3 systems. Results showed that lower ADG (average daily gain), ADFI (average daily feed intake), and FCR (feed conversation ratio) observed in the MC group than those of the other 2 systems from 1 to 36 d of age (P < 0.05). Narasin inclusion in the diets decreased ADFI and FCR significantly (P < 0.05). Multilayer cage and PN rearing systems reduced the relative weight of the gizzard significantly (P < 0.05). Compared with FL, MC reduced the relative weight of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum (P < 0.05). The mRNA expression levels of the ileal IL-1β and IFN-γ in FL were higher than those in PN and MC (P < 0.05). Narasin decreased the ileal mRNA expression of TNF-α (P < 0.05). Different rearing systems changed the ileal microflora structure of broilers. The FL system increased the ileal microbial diversity of broilers and the relative abundance of Actinobacteria. Narasin combined with MC increased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria. In conclusion, birds reared in PN had a higher body weight. The MC birds had poorer intestinal development and health condition, higher abundance of Proteobacteria, but better FCR. The FL rearing appeared to be propitious for gastrointestinal development and health. Narasin inclusion in the diets improved FCR and changed the relative abundance Proteobacteria of broilers.
这项研究旨在评估三种饲养系统（FL：地板垫料饲养、MC：多层笼饲养、PN：塑料网饲养）和是否添加补充那拉菌素对肉鸡生长性能、胃肠道发育和健康的影响。使用 2400 只 1 日龄的罗斯 308 雌雄混合肉鸡（公母比例为 1:1），采用完全随机设计，采用 3×2 因子处理安排，每个处理有 12 个重复。FL、MC 和 PN 的每个重复分别由每间地板围栏中的 34 只鸡、每笼中的 30 只鸡和每网围栏中的 36 只鸡组成，确保三种系统的饲养密度相同（每 12 只鸡/平方米）。结果表明，从 1 日龄到 36 日龄，MC 组的平均日增重（ADG）、平均日采食量（ADFI）和饲料转化率（FCR）均低于其他两种系统（P<0.05）。日粮中添加那拉菌素可显著降低 ADFI 和 FCR（P<0.05）。多层笼和 PN 饲养系统可显著降低肌胃相对重量（P<0.05）。与 FL 相比，MC 可降低十二指肠、空肠和回肠的相对重量（P<0.05）。FL 组的回肠 IL-1β和 IFN-γ 的 mRNA 表达水平高于 PN 和 MC 组（P<0.05）。那拉菌素可降低回肠 TNF-α 的 mRNA 表达（P<0.05）。不同的饲养系统改变了肉鸡的回肠微生物区系结构。FL 系统增加了肉鸡回肠微生物的多样性和放线菌的相对丰度。那拉菌素与 MC 结合可增加变形菌的相对丰度。总之，PN 饲养的鸡体重较高。MC 组鸡的肠道发育和健康状况较差，变形菌丰度较高，但 FCR 较好。FL 饲养似乎有利于胃肠道发育和健康。日粮中添加那拉菌素可提高 FCR，并改变肉鸡变形菌的相对丰度。
