Wei Xuan, Lv Han, Chen Qian, Wang Zhaodi, Liu Chunli, Zhao Pengfei, Gong Shusheng, Yang Zhenghan, Wang Zhenchang
Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Front Hum Neurosci. 2021 Jan 18;14:607452. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.607452. eCollection 2020.
Many neuroanatomical alterations have been detected in patients with tinnitus in previous studies. However, little is known about the morphological and structural covariance network (SCN) changes before and after long-term sound therapy. This study aimed to explore alterations in brain anatomical and SCN changes in patients with idiopathic tinnitus using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis 24 weeks before and after sound therapy. Thirty-three tinnitus patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging scans at baseline and after 24 weeks of sound therapy. Twenty-six age- and sex-matched healthy control (HC) individuals also underwent two scans over a 24-week interval; 3.0T MRI and high-resolution 3D structural images were acquired with a 3D-BRAVO pulse sequence. Structural image data preprocessing was performed using the VBM8 toolbox. The Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) score was assessed for the severity of tinnitus before and after treatment. Two-way mixed model analysis of variance (ANOVA) and analyses were performed to determine differences between the two groups (patients and HCs) and between the two scans (at baseline and on the 24th week). Student-Newman-Keuls (SNK) tests were used in the analysis. Interaction effects between the two groups and the two scans demonstrated significantly different gray matter (GM) volume in the right parahippocampus gyrus, right caudate, left superior temporal gyrus, left cuneus gyrus, and right calcarine gyrus; we found significantly decreased GM volume in the above five brain regions among the tinnitus patients before sound therapy (baseline) compared to that in the HC group. The 24-week sound therapy group demonstrated significantly greater brain volume compared with the baseline group among these brain regions. We did not find significant differences in brain regions between the 24-week sound therapy and HC groups. The SCN results showed that the left superior temporal gyrus and left rolandic operculum were significantly different in nodal efficiency, nodal degree centrality, and nodal betweenness centrality after FDR correction. This study characterized the effect of sound therapy on brain GM volume, especially in the left superior temporal lobe. Notably, sound therapy had a normalizing effect on tinnitus patients.
在先前的研究中，已在耳鸣患者中检测到许多神经解剖学改变。然而，关于长期声音疗法前后形态学和结构协方差网络（SCN）的变化却知之甚少。本研究旨在使用基于体素的形态计量学（VBM）分析，探索特发性耳鸣患者在声音疗法前后24周脑解剖结构和SCN的变化。33名耳鸣患者在基线时和声音疗法24周后接受了磁共振成像扫描。26名年龄和性别匹配的健康对照（HC）个体也在24周的间隔内接受了两次扫描；使用3D-BRAVO脉冲序列采集3.0T MRI和高分辨率3D结构图像。使用VBM8工具箱进行结构图像数据预处理。在治疗前后评估耳鸣严重程度的耳鸣 handicap 量表（THI）评分。进行双向混合模型方差分析（ANOVA）和分析，以确定两组（患者和HC）之间以及两次扫描（基线和第24周）之间的差异。在分析中使用Student-Newman-Keuls（SNK）检验。两组与两次扫描之间的交互作用表明，右侧海马旁回、右侧尾状核、左侧颞上回、左侧楔叶和右侧距状回的灰质（GM）体积存在显著差异；我们发现，与HC组相比，耳鸣患者在声音疗法前（基线）上述五个脑区的GM体积显著减少。在这些脑区中，24周声音疗法组的脑体积与基线组相比显著更大。我们未发现24周声音疗法组与HC组在脑区上存在显著差异。SCN结果显示，在错误发现率（FDR）校正后，左侧颞上回和左侧中央 operculum 在节点效率、节点度中心性和节点中介中心性方面存在显著差异。本研究描述了声音疗法对脑GM体积的影响，尤其是在左侧颞叶。值得注意的是，声音疗法对耳鸣患者具有归一化作用。
