Regional Center of Excellence on Poultry Sciences (CERSA), University of Lome, Lome, Togo.
Department of Animal Physiology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria.
Vet Med Sci. 2021 May;7(3):831-842. doi: 10.1002/vms3.435. Epub 2021 Feb 9.
Under tropical climate, broiler production is encumbered by several constraints which make it difficult for them to attain their genetic potential. The scarcity and high price of poultry feed and veterinary services and the harsh environmental conditions with respect to thermal stress are some of the challenges that hinder optimal growth of the birds. Limited availability of feedstuffs, including crucial feed ingredients like maize and oil seedcakes, is an important challenge to the sector, since feed still represents a major cost of producing broiler chickens. Additionally, the problem of climate change, which has become a global concern, is the main problem in broiler production under hot and humid climate. Under high ambient temperature, feed intake decreases, carbohydrates metabolism and protein synthesis efficiency are disturbed. Lipid utilization is lower and glucose or insulin homeostasis is altered while fat deposition and oxidative stress increases. Several strategies are used to ameliorate the effect of heat stress in poultry. The objective of this review was to summarize the challenge in broiler production under hot and humid climate and different approaches to fight heat stress in poultry.
在热带气候下，肉鸡生产受到多种限制，这使得它们难以发挥其遗传潜力。家禽饲料和兽医服务的稀缺和高价格以及与热应激有关的恶劣环境条件是阻碍禽类最佳生长的一些挑战。饲料原料（包括玉米和油籽饼等关键饲料成分）的供应有限，是该行业的一个重要挑战，因为饲料仍然是生产肉鸡的主要成本。此外，气候变化问题已成为全球关注的主要问题，这是在炎热潮湿气候下进行肉鸡生产的主要问题。在环境温度较高的情况下，采食量下降，碳水化合物代谢和蛋白质合成效率受到干扰。脂质利用率降低，葡萄糖或胰岛素稳态发生改变，而脂肪沉积和氧化应激增加。已经采用了几种策略来减轻热应激对家禽的影响。本综述的目的是总结湿热气候下肉鸡生产的挑战以及对抗家禽热应激的不同方法。
