调查高血压、2型糖尿病、血脂异常和体重指数，以确定30岁以上人群的健康状况。
Investigating high blood pressure, type-2 diabetes, dislipidemia, and body mass index to determine the health status of people over 30 years.
作者信息
Zokaei Abdolhamid, Ziapour Arash, Khanghahi Masoumeh Erfani, Lebni Javad Yoosefi, Irandoost Seyed Fahim, Toghroli Razie, Mehedi Nafiul, Foroughinia Azadeh, Chaboksavar Fakhreddin
机构信息
School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Health Education and Health Promotion, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
出版信息
J Educ Health Promot. 2020 Dec 29;9:333. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_514_20. eCollection 2020.
INTRODUCTION
Over the past decades, the pattern of diseases in human societies had changed from infectious diseases to noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), and according to the report by the World Health Organization, the highest burden of disease is attributed to NCDs. The study was conducted to determine the status of hypertension, type-2 diabetes, lipid disorders, and body mass index (BMI) among the patients aged over 30 years admitted to health centers of Karaj, Iran.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
In this cross-sectional study, the population included 2947 men and women aged 30 years and above admitted to six health-care centers in Karaj. The questionnaire includes demographic characteristics and had the questions on hypertension, diabetes and their risk factors, like lipid disorders and BMI was administered. The data were analyzed in SPSS, version 23, software using descriptive (frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation) and analytical (Chi-square and analysis of variance) tests ( < 0.01).
RESULTS
About 10% of the participants had diabetes and 15% of the participants had hypertension. About 32% of the participants had dyslipidemia and 87% of the participants were overweight or obese and over 35% were obese. Furthermore, with the increase in BMI, the prevalence of lipid disorder, hypertension, and type-2 diabetes increased in the studied population ( < 0.01).
CONCLUSION
According to the results, a high percentage of people had hypertension, type-2 diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and BMI in the population. Gender segregation showed that lipid disorders, overweight, and obesity in women were more than in men and percentage of people with hypertension among male were significantly higher than in females. In the case of type-2 diabetes, the results showed no statistically significant differences between men and women. The results may be helpful in developing educational strategies and prevention and control of these diseases.
引言
在过去几十年中，人类社会的疾病模式已从传染病转变为非传染性疾病（NCDs），并且根据世界卫生组织的报告，疾病负担最高归因于非传染性疾病。本研究旨在确定伊朗卡拉季健康中心收治的30岁以上患者中高血压、2型糖尿病、血脂异常和体重指数（BMI）的状况。
材料与方法
在这项横断面研究中，研究对象包括2947名年龄在30岁及以上、入住卡拉季六个医疗保健中心的男性和女性。问卷包括人口统计学特征，并设有关于高血压、糖尿病及其危险因素（如血脂异常）和BMI的问题。使用SPSS 23版软件对数据进行分析，采用描述性（频率、百分比、均值和标准差）和分析性（卡方检验和方差分析）检验（P<0.01）。
结果
约10%的参与者患有糖尿病，15%的参与者患有高血压。约32%的参与者患有血脂异常，87%的参与者超重或肥胖，超过35%的参与者肥胖。此外，随着BMI的增加，研究人群中血脂异常、高血压和2型糖尿病的患病率升高（P<0.01）。
结论
根据研究结果，该人群中高血压、2型糖尿病、高脂血症和BMI异常的比例较高。性别差异显示，女性的血脂异常、超重和肥胖情况比男性更为严重，男性高血压患者的比例显著高于女性。在2型糖尿病方面，结果显示男性和女性之间无统计学显著差异。这些结果可能有助于制定教育策略以及对这些疾病的预防和控制。
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