Student Research Committee, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Food Funct. 2021 Mar 15;12(5):1882-1896. doi: 10.1039/d0fo02878a.
A number of clinical trials have examined the effect of almond intake on lipid profile in recent years; however, the results remain equivocal. Therefore, the present study aims to summarize and quantitatively examine the available evidence on the effectiveness of almond intake on lipid parameters by employing a systematic review and meta-analytic approach. Online databases including PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched up to September 2020 for randomized controlled trials that examined the effect of almond intake on lipid profile in adults. Treatment effects were expressed as weighted mean difference (WMD) and the corresponding standard error (SE) in the concentrations of serum lipids. To estimate the overall effect of almond intake, we employed the random-effect model. In total, 27 studies with 36 effect sizes were included in our analysis (1154 cases and 904 control subjects). The meta-analysis revealed that almond intake significantly changed the concentrations of triglycerides (WMD = -6.68 mg dL-1; 95% CI: -11.62, -1.75, p = 0.008), total cholesterol (WMD = -4.92 mg dL-1; 95% CI: -7.81, -2.03, p = 0.001), and low-density lipoproteins (WMD = -5.65 mg dL-1; 95% CI: -8.75, -2.55, p < 0.001); however it did not have a significant effect on high-density lipoprotein (WMD = -0.21 mg dL-1; 95% CI: -1.26, 0.84, p = 0.697) levels. Meta-regression analysis indicated a linear relationship between the dose of almond and change in TG (P = 0.021). This meta-analysis concludes that almond intake can significantly reduce lipid parameters. To draw straightforward conclusions regarding generalized recommendations for almond intake for improving lipid profile, there is a need for more well-controlled trials exclusively targeting patients with dyslipidaemia.
近年来，许多临床试验都研究了杏仁摄入量对血脂谱的影响；然而，结果仍存在争议。因此，本研究旨在通过系统综述和荟萃分析来总结和定量评估杏仁摄入量对血脂参数的有效性的现有证据。在线数据库包括 PubMed、Scopus、Embase 和 Cochrane Library，检索了截至 2020 年 9 月的随机对照试验，这些试验研究了杏仁摄入量对成年人血脂谱的影响。采用加权均数差（WMD）和血清脂质浓度的相应标准误差（SE）来表示治疗效果。为了估计杏仁摄入量的总体效果，我们采用了随机效应模型。共有 27 项研究纳入 36 个效应量进行分析（1154 例病例和 904 例对照）。荟萃分析显示，杏仁摄入量显著改变了甘油三酯的浓度（WMD = -6.68 mg/dL；95%置信区间：-11.62，-1.75，p = 0.008）、总胆固醇（WMD = -4.92 mg/dL；95%置信区间：-7.81，-2.03，p = 0.001）和低密度脂蛋白（WMD = -5.65 mg/dL；95%置信区间：-8.75，-2.55，p < 0.001）；然而，它对高密度脂蛋白（WMD = -0.21 mg/dL；95%置信区间：-1.26，0.84，p = 0.697）水平没有显著影响。Meta 回归分析表明，杏仁摄入量与 TG 变化呈线性关系（P = 0.021）。这项荟萃分析得出结论，杏仁摄入量可以显著降低血脂参数。为了对改善血脂谱的杏仁摄入量的一般推荐得出明确的结论，需要更多专门针对血脂异常患者的对照试验。
