Faculty of Education and Sports Sciences, University of Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain.
Department of Kinesiology, Human Performance Laboratory, Center for Sport Performance, California State University, Fullerton, CA, Fullerton, United States.
Int J Sports Med. 2021 Sep;42(10):896-904. doi: 10.1055/a-1308-3316. Epub 2021 Feb 16.
The aim of this study was to assess the effects of plyometric training with an agility ladder on components of physical fitness in youth soccer players. A total of twenty male under-13 soccer players were randomly assigned to a plyometric training group with an agility ladder (n=10) or a control group (n=10). Before and after training intervention linear sprint test (5 m, 10 m, 20 m), vertical jump ability (squat jump, countermovement jump and countermovement jump with arms), agility test, and slalom dribble test were assessed. The plyometric training with agility ladder was applied two times per week over six weeks. Data were analyzed using linear mixed model. The plyometric training group showed significant improvements (p<0.001) from pre-test to post-test in countermovement jump, countermovement jump with arms, and slalom dribble test. In the control group, no significant enhancements were obtained in all performance tests (p>0.05). The between-group analysis showed significant differences in countermovement jump with arms (p=0.03), but no significant differences (p>0.05) were found in squat jump, countermovement jump, sprint, agility test, and slalom dribble test. In conclusion, the short-term plyometric training with agility ladder seems to be ineffective and not time-efficient to improve physical fitness in youth soccer players. However, the interpretation of these results must be understood within the sample size limitations.
本研究旨在评估使用敏捷梯进行的增强式训练对青少年足球运动员身体素质各组成部分的影响。共有 20 名 13 岁以下的男性足球运动员被随机分配到使用敏捷梯的增强式训练组（n=10）或对照组（n=10）。在训练干预前后，进行线性冲刺测试（5m、10m、20m）、垂直跳跃能力（深蹲跳、反跳和带臂反跳）、敏捷测试和变向运球测试。使用敏捷梯的增强式训练每周进行两次，共进行六周。使用线性混合模型分析数据。增强式训练组在反跳、带臂反跳和变向运球测试中，从预测试到后测试均显示出显著改善（p<0.001）。在对照组中，所有性能测试均未获得显著提高（p>0.05）。组间分析显示，带臂反跳（p=0.03）存在显著差异，但在深蹲跳、反跳、冲刺、敏捷测试和变向运球测试中未发现显著差异（p>0.05）。总之，短期使用敏捷梯的增强式训练似乎对青少年足球运动员的身体素质提高无效且效率不高。然而，必须在样本量限制的范围内理解这些结果的解释。
