Zhao Victoria Xin Ting, Wong Ten It, Zheng Xin Ting, Tan Yen Nee, Zhou Xiaodong
College of Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637457, Singapore.
Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, ASTAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03, Innovis, Singapore 138634, Singapore.
Mater Sci Energy Technol. 2020;3:237-249. doi: 10.1016/j.mset.2019.10.002. Epub 2019 Oct 23.
Colorimetric biosensors can be used to detect a particular analyte through color changes easily by naked eyes or simple portable optical detectors for quantitative measurement. Thus, it is highly attractive for point-of-care detections of harmful viruses to prevent potential pandemic outbreak, as antiviral medication must be administered in a timely fashion. This review paper summaries existing and emerging techniques that can be employed to detect viruses through colorimetric assay design with detailed discussion of their sensing principles, performances as well as pros and cons, with an aim to provide guideline on the selection of suitable colorimetric biosensors for detecting different species of viruses. Among the colorimetric methods for virus detections, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) method is more favourable for its faster detection, high efficiency, cheaper cost, and more reliable with high reproducible assay results. Nanoparticle-based colorimetric biosensors, on the other hand, are most suitable to be fabricated into lateral flow or lab-on-a-chip devices, and can be coupled with LAMP or portable PCR systems for highly sensitive on-site detection of viruses, which is very critical for early diagnosis of virus infections and to prevent outbreak in a swift and controlled manner.
比色生物传感器可通过肉眼或简单的便携式光学探测器轻松检测颜色变化，从而用于检测特定分析物以进行定量测量。因此，对于有害病毒的即时检测以预防潜在的大流行爆发极具吸引力，因为必须及时施用抗病毒药物。这篇综述文章总结了现有的和新兴的可用于通过比色测定设计检测病毒的技术，并详细讨论了它们的传感原理、性能以及优缺点，旨在为选择合适的比色生物传感器检测不同种类的病毒提供指导。在用于病毒检测的比色方法中，环介导等温扩增（LAMP）方法因其检测速度更快、效率更高、成本更低且检测结果更可靠、重现性更高而更受青睐。另一方面，基于纳米颗粒的比色生物传感器最适合制成侧向流动或芯片实验室装置，并且可以与LAMP或便携式PCR系统结合用于病毒的高灵敏度现场检测，这对于病毒感染的早期诊断以及迅速且可控地预防疫情爆发非常关键。
