Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.
Eur J Nutr. 2021 Aug;60(5):2361-2379. doi: 10.1007/s00394-021-02520-4. Epub 2021 Mar 2.
Increasing evidence suggests that the intestinal microbiome (IM) and bacterial metabolites may influence glucose homeostasis, energy expenditure and the intestinal barrier integrity and lead to the presence of systemic low-grade inflammation, all of which can contribute to insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). The purpose of this review is to explore the role of the IM and bacterial metabolites in the pathogenesis and treatment of these conditions.
This review summarizes research focused on how to modulate the IM through diet, prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics and fecal microbiota transplant in order to treat IR and T2D.
There is an abundance of evidence suggesting a role for IM in the pathogenesis of IR and T2D based on reviewed studies using various methods to modulate IM and metabolites. However, the results are inconsistent. Future research should further assess this relationship.
越来越多的证据表明，肠道微生物组（IM）和细菌代谢产物可能影响葡萄糖稳态、能量消耗以及肠道屏障的完整性，导致全身低度炎症的出现，所有这些都可能导致胰岛素抵抗（IR）和 2 型糖尿病（T2D）。本综述的目的是探讨 IM 和细菌代谢产物在这些疾病发病机制和治疗中的作用。
本综述总结了通过饮食、益生元、益生菌、合生菌和粪便微生物移植来调节 IM 以治疗 IR 和 T2D 的研究。
根据使用各种方法调节 IM 和代谢物的综述研究，有大量证据表明 IM 在 IR 和 T2D 的发病机制中起作用。然而，结果并不一致。未来的研究应进一步评估这种关系。
