Lee Yeon-Ju, Cho Yeonwoo, Tran Huynh Nguyen Khanh
Marine Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, 385 Haeyangro, Busan 49111, Korea.
Department of Applied Ocean Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea.
Mar Drugs. 2021 Feb 25;19(3):122. doi: 10.3390/md19030122.
Sponges are prolific sources of various natural products that have provided the chemical scaffolds for new drugs. The sponges of the genus inhabit various regions and contain a variety of biologically active natural products such as polyacetylenes, sterols, meroterpenoids, and alkaloids. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the chemical structures and biological activities of metabolites covering a period of more than four decades (between 1978 and 2020). It is also described in this review that the major groups of metabolites from members of the genus differed with latitude. The polyacetylenes were identified to be the most predominant metabolites in sponges in temperate regions, while tropical species were sources of a greater variety of metabolites, such as meroterpenoids, sterols, polyacetylenes, and alkaloids.
海绵是各种天然产物的丰富来源，这些天然产物为新药提供了化学骨架。该属的海绵栖息于不同区域，含有多种生物活性天然产物，如聚乙炔、甾醇、半萜类化合物和生物碱。本综述旨在全面总结该属代谢产物在四十多年（1978年至2020年）间的化学结构和生物活性。本综述还描述了该属成员的主要代谢产物类别因纬度而异。聚乙炔被确定为温带地区该属海绵中最主要的代谢产物，而热带该属物种则是多种代谢产物的来源，如半萜类化合物、甾醇、聚乙炔和生物碱。
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