总坚果、树坚果和花生的食用与南意大利成年人的代谢状况。
Total Nut, Tree Nut, and Peanut Consumption and Metabolic Status in Southern Italian Adults.
机构信息
Department of Nursing Management and Epidemiology Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Krakow, Poland.
Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.
出版信息
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Feb 14;18(4):1847. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18041847.
BACKGROUND
Nut consumption has been associated with cardio-metabolic health benefits. However, studies conducted in the Southern Italian population, where adherence to the Mediterranean diet has been reported being relatively high, are rather scarce. The aim of this study was to test the association between consumption of total and specific types of nuts and metabolic status among adults living in Sicily, Southern Italy.
METHODS
Demographic and dietary characteristics of 2044 adults living in Southern Italy were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the association between nut consumption and metabolic status adjusting for potential confounding factors.
RESULTS
The energy-adjusted model revealed that higher nut intake was inversely associated with occurrence of hypertension, type-2 diabetes, and dyslipidemia. However, the association did not remain significant for the latter after adjusting for the main background characteristics, while an inverse association was stably confirmed for hypertension (OR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.46-0.80 and OR = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.26-0.74, respectively) even after adjusting for adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Among individual nut types, most of the associations were null except for higher almond intake, which was inversely associated with occurrence of hypertension (OR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.49-0.99).
CONCLUSIONS
Higher nut consumption is associated with overall better metabolic status in individuals living in the Mediterranean area.
背景
坚果的摄入与心血管代谢健康益处有关。然而，在南意大利人群中进行的研究相对较少，这些人群被报道对地中海饮食的依从性相对较高。本研究旨在检验西西里岛南部意大利成年人中总摄入量和特定类型的坚果摄入量与代谢状态之间的关系。
方法
分析了 2044 名生活在南意大利的成年人的人口统计学和饮食特征。使用多变量逻辑回归分析来计算坚果摄入量与代谢状态之间的关联的比值比（ORs）和 95%置信区间（CIs），并调整潜在混杂因素。
结果
能量调整模型显示，较高的坚果摄入量与高血压、2 型糖尿病和血脂异常的发生呈负相关。然而，在调整主要背景特征后，这种关联对于后者不再显著，而对于高血压的关联仍然稳定（OR = 0.61，95%CI：0.46-0.80 和 OR = 0.44，95%CI：0.26-0.74），即使在调整地中海饮食的依从性后也是如此。在个别坚果类型中，除了杏仁摄入量较高与高血压发生呈负相关（OR = 0.70，95%CI：0.49-0.99）外，大多数关联均为零。
结论
在生活在地中海地区的人群中，较高的坚果摄入量与整体更好的代谢状态有关。
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