Villaplana-Velasco Ana, Noguera Jose Luis, Pena Ramona Natacha, Ballester Maria, Muñoz Lourdes, González Elena, Tejeda Juan Florencio, Ibáñez-Escriche Noelia
Genetics and Genomics, The Roslin Institute, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Midlothian, Edinburgh EH25 9RG, UK.
Centre for Medical Informatics, Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, 9 Little France Road, Edinburgh EH16 4UX, UK.
Animals (Basel). 2021 Feb 27;11(3):627. doi: 10.3390/ani11030627.
The high deposition of intramuscular fat and the content of oleic fatty acid are characteristic of the Iberian pig. These two parameters present great variability and are differentiated amongst the varieties that make up the Iberian pig population. Although previous studies generated evidence for causal genes and polymorphisms associated to the adipogenic potential of the Iberian pig, there is little information about how genetic expression influences this trait's variability. The aim of this study was to analyses the expression profile between two varieties of Iberian pig (Torbiscal and Retinto) and their reciprocal crosses differentiated in their intramuscular fat (IMF) content and fatty acid (FA) composition in the muscle using an RNA-seq approach. Our results corroborate that the Retinto variety is the fattiest amongst all studied varieties as its upregulated genes, such as and , and among others, contribute to increasing adiposity. In its turn, Torbiscal pigs showed an upregulation of genes associated with the inhibition of fat deposition such as and . Further genetic variation analysis in these Iberian varieties showed relevant associations for SNP located within the differentially expressed genes with IMF and FA content. Thus, the differences found in the genetic architecture and the muscle transcriptome of these Iberian varieties might explain the variability in their fat content and composition and hence, their meat quality.
肌内脂肪的高沉积和油酸含量是伊比利亚猪的特征。这两个参数存在很大差异，并且在构成伊比利亚猪种群的品种之间有所不同。尽管先前的研究为与伊比利亚猪脂肪生成潜力相关的因果基因和多态性提供了证据，但关于基因表达如何影响该性状的变异性的信息却很少。本研究的目的是使用RNA测序方法分析两种伊比利亚猪品种（托比斯科尔和雷廷托）及其在肌肉内脂肪（IMF）含量和脂肪酸（FA）组成上有差异的正反交后代之间的表达谱。我们的结果证实，雷廷托品种是所有研究品种中脂肪含量最高的，因为其上调的基因，如 和 、 和 等，有助于增加肥胖程度。反过来，托比斯科尔猪表现出与脂肪沉积抑制相关的基因上调，如 和 。对这些伊比利亚品种的进一步遗传变异分析表明，位于差异表达基因内的单核苷酸多态性（SNP）与IMF和FA含量存在显著关联。因此，在这些伊比利亚品种的遗传结构和肌肉转录组中发现的差异可能解释了它们脂肪含量和组成的变异性，进而解释了它们的肉质。
