Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipid Research, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipid Research, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Trends Cell Biol. 2021 Aug;31(8):656-670. doi: 10.1016/j.tcb.2021.02.005. Epub 2021 Mar 2.
Peroxisomes are involved in multiple metabolic processes, including fatty acid oxidation, ether lipid synthesis, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism. Recent studies suggest that peroxisomes are critical mediators of cellular responses to various forms of stress, including oxidative stress, hypoxia, starvation, cold exposure, and noise. As dynamic organelles, peroxisomes can modulate their proliferation, morphology, and movement within cells, and engage in crosstalk with other organelles in response to external cues. Although peroxisome-derived hydrogen peroxide has a key role in cellular signaling related to stress, emerging studies suggest that other products of peroxisomal metabolism, such as acetyl-CoA and ether lipids, are also important for metabolic adaptation to stress. Here, we review molecular mechanisms through which peroxisomes regulate metabolic and environmental stress.
过氧化物酶体参与多种代谢过程，包括脂肪酸氧化、醚脂合成和活性氧（ROS）代谢。最近的研究表明，过氧化物酶体是细胞对各种形式的应激（包括氧化应激、缺氧、饥饿、冷暴露和噪音）反应的关键介质。作为动态细胞器，过氧化物酶体可以调节其在细胞内的增殖、形态和运动，并响应外部信号与其他细胞器进行交流。尽管过氧化物酶体衍生的过氧化氢在与应激相关的细胞信号转导中起着关键作用，但新兴的研究表明，过氧化物酶体代谢的其他产物，如乙酰辅酶 A 和醚脂，对于代谢适应应激也很重要。在这里，我们综述了过氧化物酶体调节代谢和环境应激的分子机制。
