Vidal Pierre-Paul, Lacquaniti Francesco
CNRS, SSA, ENS Paris Saclay, Université de Paris, Centre Borelli, 75005, Paris, France.
Institute of Information and Control, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China.
Exp Brain Res. 2021 May;239(5):1359-1380. doi: 10.1007/s00221-021-06049-0. Epub 2021 Mar 6.
Even for a stereotyped task, sensorimotor behavior is generally variable due to noise, redundancy, adaptability, learning or plasticity. The sources and significance of different kinds of behavioral variability have attracted considerable attention in recent years. However, the idea that part of this variability depends on unique individual strategies has been explored to a lesser extent. In particular, the notion of style recurs infrequently in the literature on sensorimotor behavior. In general use, style refers to a distinctive manner or custom of behaving oneself or of doing something, especially one that is typical of a person, group of people, place, context, or period. The application of the term to the domain of perceptual and motor phenomenology opens new perspectives on the nature of behavioral variability, perspectives that are complementary to those typically considered in the studies of sensorimotor variability. In particular, the concept of style may help toward the development of personalised physiology and medicine by providing markers of individual behaviour and response to different stimuli or treatments. Here, we cover some potential applications of the concept of perceptual-motor style to different areas of neuroscience, both in the healthy and the diseased. We prefer to be as general as possible in the types of applications we consider, even at the expense of running the risk of encompassing loosely related studies, given the relative novelty of the introduction of the term perceptual-motor style in neurosciences.
即使对于一项刻板的任务，由于噪声、冗余、适应性、学习或可塑性，感觉运动行为通常也是可变的。近年来，不同类型行为变异性的来源和意义引起了相当多的关注。然而，关于这种变异性部分取决于独特个体策略的观点，在较小程度上得到了探讨。特别是，“风格”这一概念在感觉运动行为的文献中很少出现。在一般用法中，风格指的是一个人表现自己或做某事的独特方式或习惯，尤其是典型地代表一个人、一群人、一个地方、一种情境或一个时期的方式。将该术语应用于感知和运动现象学领域，为行为变异性的本质开启了新的视角，这些视角与感觉运动变异性研究中通常考虑的视角互补。特别是，风格的概念可能通过提供个体行为以及对不同刺激或治疗的反应的标记，有助于个性化生理学和医学的发展。在这里，我们阐述了感知运动风格概念在神经科学不同领域（包括健康和疾病领域）的一些潜在应用。鉴于“感知运动风格”这一术语在神经科学中引入的相对新颖性，我们在考虑的应用类型上尽可能保持宽泛，即使冒着涵盖相关性不强的研究的风险。
