Exercise and Mental Health Laboratory, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
Research Group Neuroprotection, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany.
Brain Struct Funct. 2021 Apr;226(3):601-619. doi: 10.1007/s00429-021-02247-2. Epub 2021 Mar 6.
Despite a growing number of functional MRI studies reporting exercise-induced changes during cognitive processing, a systematic determination of the underlying neurobiological pathways is currently lacking. To this end, our neuroimaging meta-analysis included 20 studies and investigated the influence of physical exercise on cognition-related functional brain activation. The overall meta-analysis encompassing all experiments revealed physical exercise-induced changes in the left parietal lobe during cognitive processing. Subgroup analysis further revealed that in the younger-age group (< 35 years old) physical exercise induced more widespread changes in the right hemisphere, whereas in the older-age group (≥ 35 years old) exercise-induced changes were restricted to the left parietal lobe. Subgroup analysis for intervention duration showed that shorter exercise interventions induced changes in regions connected with frontoparietal and default mode networks, whereas regions exhibiting effects of longer interventions connected with frontoparietal and dorsal attention networks. Our findings suggest that physical exercise interventions lead to changes in functional activation patterns primarily located in precuneus and associated with frontoparietal, dorsal attention and default mode networks.
尽管越来越多的功能磁共振成像研究报告了认知加工过程中运动引起的变化，但目前仍缺乏对潜在神经生物学途径的系统确定。为此，我们的神经影像学荟萃分析包括 20 项研究，旨在研究体育锻炼对与认知相关的大脑功能激活的影响。涵盖所有实验的总体荟萃分析显示，认知加工过程中左顶叶的运动诱导变化。亚组分析进一步表明，在年轻组（<35 岁）中，运动诱导了右半球更广泛的变化，而在老年组（≥35 岁）中，运动诱导的变化仅限于左顶叶。干预持续时间的亚组分析表明，较短的运动干预会引起与额顶叶和默认模式网络相关的区域发生变化，而较长干预的影响则与额顶叶和背侧注意网络相连的区域相关。我们的研究结果表明，体育锻炼干预会导致主要位于后扣带回和与额顶叶、背侧注意和默认模式网络相关的功能激活模式发生变化。
