Faculty of Medicine School of Nursing, Fukuoka University.
Graduate School of Occupational Health, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan.
J UOEH. 2021;43(1):51-60. doi: 10.7888/juoeh.43.51.
The primary purpose of this study was to clarify the path by which high job demands on home-visit nursing staff affect their mental health through work-family negative spillover (WFNS, FWNS). The secondary purpose was to clarify the path by which high job control and high social support in the workplace positively affect the mental health of nursing home-visit staff through work-family positive spillover (WFPS, FWPS). A cross-sectional survey using a self-administered questionnaire was conducted on 1,022 visiting nursing staff working at 108 visiting nursing stations in Fukuoka Prefecture in February, 2019. The measurement tools comprised sociodemographic factors, the Japanese version of the Survey Work-Home Interaction - NijmeGen (SWING-J), Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ-22), the Work-Family Culture Scale, and the K6 scale. Six models were determined in an analysis of the model: (1) working time load → WFNS → FWNS → psychological distress, (2) job demands → WFNS → FWNS → psychological distress, (3) job demands → psychological distress, (4) workplace support → job control → WFPS → psychological distress, (5) workplace support → WFPS → psychological distress, and (6) workplace support → psychological distress. This study clarified that job demands and working time load may adversely affect the mental health of home-visit nursing staff through the mediation of WFNS. It was also clarified that high job control and workplace support may have a positive effect on mental health through the mediation of WFPS.
本研究的主要目的是通过工作家庭负向溢出（WFNS，FWNS）阐明高家庭访视护理人员工作需求对其心理健康的影响途径。次要目的是通过工作家庭正向溢出（WFPS，FWPS）阐明工作场所高工作控制和高社会支持对养老院访视护理人员心理健康的积极影响途径。2019 年 2 月，在福冈县的 108 个访视护理站，对 1022 名访视护理人员进行了一项使用自我管理问卷的横断面调查。测量工具包括社会人口因素、日本版的工作-家庭交互作用-奈梅亨（SWING-J）、工作内容问卷（JCQ-22）、工作-家庭文化量表和 K6 量表。在模型分析中确定了六个模型：（1）工作时间负荷→WFNS→FWNS→心理困扰，（2）工作需求→WFNS→FWNS→心理困扰，（3）工作需求→心理困扰，（4）工作场所支持→工作控制→WFPS→心理困扰，（5）工作场所支持→WFPS→心理困扰，以及（6）工作场所支持→心理困扰。本研究阐明，工作需求和工作时间负荷可能通过 WFNS 对家庭访视护理人员的心理健康产生不利影响。还阐明，高工作控制和工作场所支持可能通过 WFPS 对心理健康产生积极影响。
