Sedighimornani Neda
Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Bath, UK.
Eur J Psychol. 2019 Dec 19;15(4):717-732. doi: 10.5964/ejop.v15i4.1787. eCollection 2019 Dec.
Shame is a notoriously unpleasant emotion, and although claims about the mechanisms through which we might manage it are none too scarce, relatively little empirical evidence is available concerning how people tend to cope with it. As such, the present study sought to investigate the effects of shame on mind-wandering. To do this, 120 participants were recruited and systematically assigned to one of the three groups, namely shame, pride, or control condition, and traits shame and self-compassion were measured for each participant. In order to assess the frequency of the incidents of mind-wandering, the participants were asked to recall a personal experience of shame or pride and then a reading task of few pages of geography followed. The duration participants spent on the reading task, their scores on a reading comprehension test, their self-reported frequency of mind-wandering, and their reported number of unrelated thoughts during the recall were used as a measure of mind-wandering. The results demonstrated that participants in the shame condition did not differ from those in the pride and control conditions in terms of mind-wandering. In spite of that, participants who had initially scored higher on trait shame (i.e., suffered from chronic shame) reported a significantly higher frequency of mind-wandering. This being the result, the underlying reasons for, and implications of, the findings were discussed.
羞耻是一种众所周知的令人不快的情绪，尽管关于我们可能应对它的机制的说法并不少见，但关于人们如何倾向于应对它的实证证据相对较少。因此，本研究旨在调查羞耻对走神的影响。为此，招募了120名参与者，并将他们系统地分配到三组之一，即羞耻组、骄傲组或对照组，并测量了每个参与者的特质羞耻感和自我同情程度。为了评估走神事件的频率，要求参与者回忆一次个人的羞耻或骄傲经历，然后进行几页地理内容的阅读任务。参与者在阅读任务上花费的时间、他们在阅读理解测试中的得分、他们自我报告的走神频率以及他们在回忆过程中报告的无关想法数量，都被用作走神的衡量指标。结果表明，羞耻组的参与者在走神方面与骄傲组和对照组的参与者没有差异。尽管如此，最初特质羞耻感得分较高（即患有慢性羞耻感）的参与者报告的走神频率明显更高。基于这一结果，对研究结果的潜在原因和影响进行了讨论。
