Villarroel Valentina, Fagalde Pascale, Reininger David
DDS, Private Practice.
DDS, PhD, Master in Oral Surgery and Implantology, Assistant Professor, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile.
J Clin Exp Dent. 2021 Mar 1;13(3):e259-e267. doi: 10.4317/jced.56809. eCollection 2021 Mar.
Over the last few years, there has been a great advance in regenerative medicine, with various studies that have observed the ability to repair or regenerate dysfunctional tissues with the patient's own cells, such as with mesenchymal cells. In this area, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from the oral cavity have attracted attention because of their easy access and multiple cellular differentiations. Multiple studies have shown the various clinical applications at the intraoral level, especially at the level of bone regeneration, but the potential applications of oral MSC at a systemic level have been scarcely described. Objective: The objective of this review was to describe the potential therapeutic uses of intraoral MSCs in other tissues of the organism.
A review of the literature between 2000 and 2019. Only included those studies done on animals or humans.
Twenty five articles were selected, all performed on animals. The donor site most used were the temporary teeth exfoliated from humans, representing 56% of the total articles, followed by the dental pulp with 28% of the total articles included. Transplantation of intraoral mesenchymal cells in animals with neural tissue illness was the most studied therapy.
Although obtaining MSC of intraoral origin has proven to be a good alternative in regenerative medicine, achieving therapeutic uses in bone tissue, nervous tissue, liver tissue, skin tissue, ocular tissue, reperfusion of tissues and in autoimmune diseases, there is a lack of clinical studies that allow its safe use in humans. Mesenchymal stem cells, stem cell transplantation, regenerative medicine, dental component.
在过去几年中，再生医学取得了巨大进展，各种研究观察到利用患者自身细胞修复或再生功能失调组织的能力，比如间充质细胞。在这个领域，口腔间充质干细胞因其易于获取和多种细胞分化能力而备受关注。多项研究显示了其在口腔内的各种临床应用，尤其是在骨再生方面，但口腔间充质干细胞在全身水平的潜在应用却鲜有描述。目的：本综述的目的是描述口腔间充质干细胞在机体其他组织中的潜在治疗用途。
对2000年至2019年间的文献进行综述。仅纳入对动物或人类进行的研究。
共筛选出25篇文章，均为对动物进行的研究。最常使用的供体部位是人类脱落的乳牙，占文章总数的56%，其次是牙髓，占文章总数的28%。在患有神经组织疾病的动物中移植口腔间充质细胞是研究最多的治疗方法。
尽管已证明获取口腔来源的间充质干细胞在再生医学中是一个很好的选择，在骨组织、神经组织、肝组织、皮肤组织、眼组织、组织再灌注和自身免疫性疾病方面都有治疗用途，但仍缺乏能使其在人类中安全使用的临床研究。间充质干细胞、干细胞移植、再生医学、牙齿成分。
