Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Adv Nutr. 2021 Jul 30;12(4):1196-1210. doi: 10.1093/advances/nmab001.
A meta-analysis of prospective studies was conducted to examine the association of total, supplemental, and dietary magnesium intakes with risk of all-cause, cancer, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality and identify the dose-response relations involved in these association. We performed a systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and ISI Web of Knowledge up to April 2020. Prospective cohort studies that reported risk estimates for the association between total, supplemental, and dietary magnesium intakes and risk of mortality were included. Random effects models were used. Nineteen publication with a total of 1,168,756 participants were included in the current meta-analysis. In total, 52,378 deaths from all causes, 23,478 from CVD, and 11,408 from cancer were identified during the follow-up period of 3.5 to 32 years. Dietary magnesium intake was associated with a lower risk of all-cause [pooled effect size (ES): 0.87; 95% CI: 0.79, 0.97; P = 0.009; I2 = 70.7%; P < 0.001] and cancer mortality (pooled ES: 0.80; 95% CI: 0.67, 0.97; P = 0.023; I2 = 55.7%; P = 0.027), but not with CVD mortality (pooled ES: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.82, 1.07; P = 0.313; I2 = 72.3%; P < 0.001). For supplemental and total magnesium intakes, we did not find any significant associations with risks of all-cause, CVD, and cancer mortality. However, linear dose-response meta-analysis indicated that each additional intake of 100 mg/d of dietary magnesium was associated with a 6% and 5% reduced risk of all-cause and cancer mortality, respectively. In conclusion, higher intake of dietary magnesium was associated with a reduced risk of all-cause and cancer mortality, but not CVD mortality. Supplemental and total magnesium intakes were not associated with the risk of all-cause, CVD, and cancer mortality. These findings indicate that consumption of magnesium from dietary sources may be beneficial in reducing all-cause and cancer mortality and thus have practical importance for public health.
进行了一项荟萃分析前瞻性研究，以检查总镁、补充镁和饮食镁摄入量与全因、癌症和心血管疾病（CVD）死亡率风险的关联，并确定这些关联中涉及的剂量-反应关系。我们对 PubMed、Scopus、Google Scholar 和 ISI Web of Knowledge 进行了系统检索，截至 2020 年 4 月。纳入了报告总镁、补充镁和饮食镁摄入量与死亡率之间关联的风险估计的前瞻性队列研究。使用随机效应模型。当前荟萃分析共纳入 19 项出版物，共有 1168756 名参与者。在 3.5 至 32 年的随访期间，共发生 52378 例全因死亡、23478 例 CVD 死亡和 11408 例癌症死亡。饮食镁摄入量与全因死亡风险降低相关[汇总效应大小（ES）：0.87；95%CI：0.79，0.97；P=0.009；I2=70.7%；P<0.001]和癌症死亡率（汇总 ES：0.80；95%CI：0.67，0.97；P=0.023；I2=55.7%；P=0.027），但与 CVD 死亡率无关（汇总 ES：0.93；95%CI：0.82，1.07；P=0.313；I2=72.3%；P<0.001）。对于补充镁和总镁摄入量，我们没有发现它们与全因、CVD 和癌症死亡率风险之间存在任何显著关联。然而，线性剂量-反应荟萃分析表明，每天额外摄入 100mg 的饮食镁分别与全因和癌症死亡率降低 6%和 5%相关。总之，较高的饮食镁摄入量与全因和癌症死亡率降低相关，但与 CVD 死亡率无关。补充镁和总镁摄入量与全因、CVD 和癌症死亡率风险无关。这些发现表明，从饮食来源摄入镁可能有益于降低全因和癌症死亡率，因此对公共卫生具有实际意义。
