Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China.
Int J Nanomedicine. 2021 Mar 1;16:1631-1661. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S290346. eCollection 2021.
Molecular targeted therapy, a tumor therapy strategy that inhibits specific oncogenic targets, has been shown to modulate the immune response. In addition to directly inhibiting the proliferation and metastasis of tumor cells, molecular targeted drugs can activate the immune system through a variety of mechanisms, including by promoting tumor antigen processing and presentation, increasing intratumoral T cell infiltration, enhancing T cell activation and function, and attenuating the immunosuppressive effect of the tumor microenvironment. However, poor water solubility, insufficient accumulation at the tumor site, and nonspecific targeting of immune cells limit their application. To this end, a variety of nanomaterials have been developed to overcome these obstacles and amplify the immunomodulatory effects of molecular targeted drugs. In this review, we summarize the impact of molecular targeted drugs on the antitumor immune response according to their mechanisms, highlight the advantages of nanomaterials in enhancing the immunomodulatory effect of molecular targeted therapy, and discuss the current challenges and future prospects.
分子靶向治疗是一种抑制特定致癌靶点的肿瘤治疗策略，已被证明可以调节免疫反应。除了直接抑制肿瘤细胞的增殖和转移外，分子靶向药物还可以通过多种机制激活免疫系统，包括促进肿瘤抗原加工和呈递、增加肿瘤内 T 细胞浸润、增强 T 细胞激活和功能，以及减轻肿瘤微环境的免疫抑制作用。然而，较差的水溶性、在肿瘤部位的蓄积不足和免疫细胞的非特异性靶向限制了它们的应用。为此，已经开发了多种纳米材料来克服这些障碍并放大分子靶向药物的免疫调节作用。在这篇综述中，我们根据其机制总结了分子靶向药物对抗肿瘤免疫反应的影响，强调了纳米材料在增强分子靶向治疗免疫调节作用方面的优势，并讨论了当前的挑战和未来的前景。
